The main purpose of industrial training was to expose the intern to real work of environment experience and at the same time, gain the knowledge trough hands o observation and practical job execution. the intern carried out various activities during the internship : (i) construction of wall ducts., (ii) construction of up stands in the bathrooms and kitchens., (iii) gauging of the floors, (iv) screeding of floors, (v) door finishes, (vi) placement of form work on the steel plates of the elevator. The intern gained a lot of knowledge and skills during the industrial training: - (i) exposure to the working environment, (ii) moisture mitigation-controlling water vapour in concrete floors. (iii) concrete testing knowledge, (iv) communication skills, (v) experimentation skills, (vi) observation skills, (vii) conceptualization skills, (viii interpersonal skills and working in teams. however, the intern met the following challenges during the internship, (i) adapting the working environment., (ii) language barrier, (iii) lack of water, iv) lack of building materials, (v) lack of building tools In conclusion, during my exposure in the internship, the intern was able to get several experience skills and hands on skills which will eventually help the intern when getting a job in this today world.

We provide some empirical evidence of how a poor business environment may incentivise tax evasion. In particular, we examine the roles that specific components of the business environment that include: bribery, efficiency of the legal systems, and the provision of public capital such as adequate provision of electricity, play in determining tax evasion. We exploit industry-location averages for bribes as instruments to deal with the endogeneity concerns. We use IV Tobit estimation procedures and find that the extent of tax evasion is associated with the quality and efficiency of the legal systems, bureaucratic bribery and the inadequate provision of public capital. In addition we find that the business environment as shaped by the various constraints has implications for tax evasion. These results suggest that ameliorating the business environment by reigning in on corruption, strengthening the legal system, as well adequate provision of public capital can encourage tax compliance behaviour among firms.

This study uses desk reviews, secondary data, and qualitative (Baraza’s forums and key informants) approaches to answer questions on the nature of jobs (old and potential), skills and technology requirements and investment opportunities in two critical value chains of fish and cotton. In addition, the study explores the extent to which the prevailing environment within each sector is conducive to facilitating the growth of these value chains. Of note is that the fish value chain is heterogeneous depending on the fish variety. In this study, we place emphasis on three lucrative fish varieties, i.e., Silver fish (mukene), Nile Perch (mpuuta) and Tilapia (ngege). About fish, findings reveal that Lake Victoria alone had the number of fishermen doubling from 34,889 to over 60,000 between 2000 and 2020. Over 99 percent of persons involved in the fish business (irrespective of fish type) are males (both young and adults). Beyond the fishing /production stage, more women are involved in local processing (sun drying, salting and deep frying) of silver fish compared to Nile Perch and Tilapia. Women and youth take part in the Nile Perch and Tilapia processing chain by smoking and salting the bones after removing the fillet. The Nile Perch (Mpuuta) value chain is more complex, highly industrialised and capital-intensive because of the fish maw. In the Tilapia value chain, the share of men and women engaged in production has grown by 14 percent between 2014 and 2020, attributed to the uptake of cutting-edge technologies in fish farming (aquaculture). Findings also highlighted the relatively low skills required by persons willing to participate in the value chains. Amongst the various opportunities for investment in the fish value chain are adding value to the fish maw, investing in more quality control measures to ensure and foster standards given that fish is highly perishable and susceptible to toxins if not well handled, manufacturing sustainable fishing gear, e.g., nets, hooks and baits, fishing vessels, fish feeds, cheap processing technology for drying and salting fish, customised cold storage facilities for different fish varieties, at primary and secondary wholesaling and processing level, cold storage equipment and transportation for different modes and invest in domestic fish skin and fish maw trade. Regarding the cotton value chain, seed cotton production is undertaken by low-skilled family labour, mostly provided by females and youth. Males feature mainly during post-harvest handling, storage, and marketing of seed cotton. One out of every ten middlemen are female. Also, females dominate the stage of ginning cotton into yarn (value addition), and women dominate (60 percent) in performing manual jobs where no skills are required, e.g., transportation, offloading, sucking (packing) and weighing, and cleaning. Investment opportunities and hence jobs lie in investments in industrial by-products: cotton lint and cottonseed; oil; soap; and livestock feed - as well as high-end manufacturing products like cotton yarn, garments, and apparel textiles. Hand-looming was explicitly identified as a low-hanging investment opportunity for women and youths. Policy actions are: First, the government should start providing cotton seed to farmers akin to coffee and tea. Second, stakeholders should support the need to revitalise farmer associations and cooperative unions for cotton. These would solve many underlying challenges farmers face around access to credit and determining the inclusive cotton price rather than leaving it to ginners and the CDO who announce the prices.

Makerere University College of Health sciences is committed to preparing students to understand and experience healthcare in a national setting through participation in referral/primary health care electives. The goals of the electives include providing students with opportunities to: Actively participate in the health care system (service, administration or research of the nation Develop Knowledge and respect for other cultures, language and Health practices, Develop awareness of social, economic and political factors in Health and disease. With regard to the above, I chose to undertake my electives program at Donau Dental Centre hospital for a period of close to 5weeks. This Electives placement program always takes place at the end of 4thyear of the Dental surgery program with the aim of providing students with the opportunity to improve their clinical skills acquired during their clinical years of study while at the same time avails them with the opportunity to work in hospitals and other health facilities across the country enabling them become better health care professionals. During my placement at the Donau dental Centre Nakasero Hospital, I was enthusiastic to Learn and improve my skills in history taking, General examination, Extra oral and intraoral exam, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, management of different conditions and basic surgical procedures like surgical extractions. With supervision and guidance of doctors and chairside assistants at the Centre, I participated in a number of activities like Infection control, history taking, examination, dental charting, treatment planning, treatment delivery, instrument disinfection and sterilization, record keeping etc. In this period, I have gained tremendous skills in patient management as a whole from the time of admission to time of discharge. I have expounded my knowledge in patient counseling and Oral health education talks and disease prevention in the different age groups.