The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of total quality management practices on the operational performance of private health sector in Kenya. The global health service industry is getting competitive day in day out owing to technological changes and quality concerns. In order to improve the levels of service delivery successfully, total quality management (TQM) practices need to be embraced and strategically positioned at the center of any health organization’s management system. Analysis reveals that TQM is important in promoting customer values and needs in organizations. This is because it involves inclusion of different continuous improvement models. A simple random sampling technique was used to select employees working at ISO certified Hospitals in Nairobi County. The researcher randomly selected the target group in this study and this made it possible to get data to fulfill the study objective. The data was gathered using questionnaire and the questions in the questionnaire were centered on the concept of total quality management practices implementation and service delivery with reference to ISO certified Hospitals in Nairobi County. The study included open as well as closed ended questions and analysis was supported by (SPSS) version 20.0. The results were presented in form of frequency table. The correlation (R) value of 0.699 showed that a strong relationship existed between the TQM practices and service delivery. The regression model summary showed that TQM practices (customer focus, top management support, education & training and continuous improvement) contributed 48.8% to the change in service delivery among the hospitals. ANOVA statistics showed that TQM practices significantly affected service delivery. From the regression coefficients, customer focus showed a positive significant regression coefficient of 0.310; top management support showed a positive insignificant regression coefficient of 0.052; education and training showed a positive and significant regression coefficient of 0.102; while continuous improvement had a significant regression coefficient of 0.415. The study concludes that TQM influence service delivery within the ISO certified hospitals in Nairobi. The study further concludes TQM practices have a strong relationship with service delivery among ISO certified hospitals in Nairobi. From the regression analysis, TQM practices (customer focus, education & training, and continuous improvement) have a positive effect on service delivery within ISO certified hospitals in Nairobi. Top management support has an insignificant effect on service delivery within ISO certified hospitals in Nairobi. The study recommends increased customer centeredness, increased management support to TQM, adoption of reward as well as support systems as well as continuous improvement among the employees and ISO certified hospitals in Nairobi.

The research objective was to research and analyze the digital marketing approaches that give the competitive advantage of top 100 Small and Medium Enterprises in Nairobi, Kenya. The study was based on the theory of diffusion of innovation, and theory of competitive advantage. Based on theoretical models, it was considered and noted that that digital marketing approaches help the SMEs to promote their competitive advantage globally. Data collection was acquired through primary and secondary data. The secondary data was gained from the websites and social media platforms of the top 100 SMEs in Nairobi County, Kenya. However, the primary data was collected using a questionnaire method from the top 100 Small and Medium Enterprises in Nairobi County, Kenya. The inquiry adopted descriptive cross-sectional study design and the descriptive model was used to evaluate the link uniting the digital marketing approaches and the competitive advantage of the firms. The analysis outcomes indicated that use of digital marketing platforms help to promote the competitive advantage of top 100 SMEs within Nairobi, Kenya. The study also established that the application of digital marketing platforms has beneficial effects on the competitive advantage of top 100 SMEs in Nairobi Kenya. Using social media platforms, websites and SEO platforms was noted to be imperative in promoting the sales volume of the SMEs through attraction of new customers and sharing of the SMEs products and services online. The analysis concluded that SMEs should use social media platforms as well websites and other digital platforms to increase their competitive advantage, profitability, sales volume and revenues. The inquiry considered that SMEs should adopt the use of Facebook, Twitter and YouTube to increase their competitive advantage. The analysis also regards that SMEs adopt cost-friendly digital marketing platforms to improve their performance. The study revealed and concluded that the majority of the SMEs were using social media marketing platforms to increase their competitive advantage. The study also found out that applications of other digital marketing platforms such as blogs, websites and SEOs largely improved the competitive advantage of SMEs. This is because these platforms allowed the SMEs to reach a wider range of customers from different regions within a short time. The study results indicated that the use of digital marketing platforms led to an increased number of visitors on the social media pages of the SMEs and this helped to attract customers outside the country. In the end the study recommends the use of digital technology and proper website management to promote the competitive advantage and performance of SMEs, customer loyalty and engagement.

This study discusses Lubukusu predicates within the provisions of one of the recent phases of Generative Grammar Theory; the Minimalist Program 1995. Its aim is to investigate and give a detailed description of how Lubukusu predicates fit into the VP shell structure proposed by Chomsky (1995). The main issue is that Lubukusu arguments are morphologically initiated hence occur numerously as verbal affixes in a single verb (phrase). Mathematically, this is supposed to contrast with the limited number of argument positions in the VP shell structure. Chomsky assumes that the standard derivation of a VP shell structure is that which involves adjoining a lexical verb to an abstract light verb in order to form a complex verb (see Hornstein et al 2005, p.104). The current study claims that applying the Chomskyan VP shell derivation to Lubukusu predicates results in several problems; among others, an incorrect morpheme order and violation of the Lexical Insertion Principle. It emerged at the onset of data analysis that an alternative for the light verb in Lubukusu is any of the numerous verbal features. The study also found out that every verbal feature in Lubukusu (e.g causative, applicative etc) represents an argument of its own hence requiring a separate head position in the structure; a situation not catered for by the light verb in the standard VP shell structure. Therefore, the study suggests a seemingly suitable VP shell variant for the derivation of Lubukusu predicates; where, instead of the phonetically null light verb, a verbal feature is used. For this reason, the alternative structure is developed based on the feature checking process as opposed to the former adjunction process in the light verb analysis.

Stock Return Volatility postulates the direction and the likelihood of the performance. The greater volatility means the greater risk premiums resulting from the investment. The research objective is to assess the effect trading volume volatility of the stock returns of the firms listed at NSE. The research was reinforced by three theories which include; signaling theory, Efficient Market Hypothesis and prospect theory. Moreover, the internal factors such as trading volume and trading size were critical stock return volatility as well as performance and leverage. The study maximizes descriptive research design as a tenet of this research since it reinforces the inference and interpretation. This research targeted 64 companies listed in NSE under the interval of 6years. Additionally, secondary data utilized spanned from 2016 to 2021. The data computation was accomplished via SPSS techniques. The study maximized the multiple regression analysis. The data normality test was undertaken to assess if the data follow the normal distribution pattern. Furthermore, autocorrelation and multicollinearity were determined through the use of Durbin Watson and Variance Inflation Factor respectively. Autocorrelation value was within the normal accepted range. The condition here is that if the p value of both test in every variable is below 0.05 hence postulates that data was normal distribution. The principle here was that if the VIF values obtain are below 10 and the tolerance values bigger than 0.2 concludes the non-presence of multicollinearity. The dataset was relevant and crucial for investigation and interpretation. From the training it is very imperative to postulate that trading size was highly fluctuating followed by stock return volatility. Nonetheless, ROA was smallest fluctuating among the variables prioritized in the computation. The R which is coefficient of determination is 0.615. Additionally, this value 0.615 implies a strong correlation among the variables under the assessment. The R square, Coefficient of determination stipulated by 0.378. Therefore, this indicates that 37.8% of change in variation of stock return volatility is caused by the predictor variables captured in this study. These explanatory variables incorporate; trading volume, trade size, ROA and leverage. The remaining 62.2% of change in variation is caused by factors not captured in the above. A unit change in trading volume results to a negative effect of 0.129 on Stock return volatility when all other factors are held at constant. A single unit change in trade size results to a negative effect of 0.008 on stock return volatility. A single unit increment in ROA triggers an increase in stock return volatility by 0.710 when all variables are kept constant. Finally, an increase of leverage triggers movement to the same direction (positive effect) on Stock Return Volatility of 1.039 respectively when all other factors are kept constant. The researcher recommends for examination of macroeconomic determinants verse the stock returns. The sectorial research can be enhanced to increase the knowledge and understanding. In a nutshell, specific variables such as the nature of economic variables, inflation, and fragility index should studied in conjunction to stock return volatility.

The purpose of this study was to determine how talent management at Jomo Kenyatta International Airport affects employee retention. The study's main objective was to ascertain how talent development, growth, and change impact staff retention. The objectives were to identify the associations between talent progression and staff retention, staff retention and talent growth, and staff retention and talent transformation. The three hypotheses were: talent preparation and employee retention are correlated; talent growth and employee retention are also correlated; and talent change and staff retention. A cohort of 315 personnel was used in this study, and a correlational research approach was employed. The study's method for acquiring data was a structured questionnaire. The survey data was analyzed by SPSS, which also contained inferential statistics like the Pearson's Correlation and descriptive statistics like frequencies and percentages. Tables, charts, and other visual representations of the results were presented. The study was built on the concepts of human capital, resource-centered vision, and talent-centered vision. The study found a substantial positive relationship among talent progression and employee retention, talent growth and staff retention, and talent transformation and staff retention (p0.05) (p0.05). According to the study's conclusions, institutions should be purposeful about talent preparation, talent growth, and talent change, and employers should invest more in talent management. The report also suggests that further research be conducted to compare two firms, one with talent management methods and the other without. The research suggests that businesses should increase their investments in personnel management. The study's findings indicate a strong connection among talent management and staff retention. Businesses would save money by spending more on talent management that would otherwise be lost due to higher personnel turnover. There is also a need for institutions to be deliberate in their talent preparation, growth, and change. As a result, the firms will be able to acquire, develop, and pass on talents within the corporation. The study further recommends that institutions should publicize their talent management policies to the public or the communities they serve to attract personnel who fit the company's profile.

Working Capital facilitates daily operation of firms. The study established influence of Working Capital Management Practices on Financial Performance of Private Health Facilities in Homabay County. Correlation research design was used. Secondary data for the year 2016 to 2020 was used in the Study. The panel data for 115 health facilities-year end observations were used. Descriptive, correlation and panel data regression analysis aided by Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used. The accounts receivable turnover ratio had negative and significant affiliation with Return on Asset. Accounts payable turnover ratio, cash ratio plus inventory turnover ratio had positive and significant affiliation with Return on Asset. The study further revealed that all private health facilities in Homabay County registered positive Return on Asset across the year 2016 to 2020. The study recommend prudent deployment of Working Capital Practices and policies to enhance financial performance of Private Hospitals in Homabay County.

Micro finance institutions in Kenya play a role in financial intermediation which has included 2.9% Kenyans. Despite this, the financial risk for most MFIs has increased but focus has mostly been on the banks. The MFIs in Kenya have recorded a rise in the level of NPLs in the last decade which signifies rising credit risk. The MFIs have also recorded a rise in liquidity risk which lenders them vulnerable to customers withdrawal. Financial risk management is said to be an enabler of financial performance among financial institutions. The main aim of this study was to determine the effect of financial risk on financial performance of MFIs in Kenya. The independent variables for the research were credit risk, liquidity risk, operating risk and interest rate risk. Capital adequacy and MFI size were the control variables while the dependent variable was financial performance measured as ROA. The study was guided by information asymmetry theory, shiftability theory and financial intermediation theory. Descriptive research design was utilized in this research. The 47 MFIs in Kenya as at December 2021 served as target population. The study collected secondary data for five years (2017-2021) on an annual basis from CBK and individual MFIs annual reports. Descriptive, correlation as well as regression analysis were undertaken and outcomes offered in tables followed by pertinent interpretation and discussion. The research conclusions yielded a 0.530 R square value implying that 53% of changes in MFIs ROA can be described by the six variables chosen for this research. The multivariate regression analysis further revealed that individually, both credit risk and liquidity risk have a negative effect on ROA of MFIs as shown by (β=-157, p=0.000) and (β=-0.160, p=0.000) respectively. Operating risk and interest rate risk displayed non-statistically significant influence on ROA. Capital adequacy and firm size exhibited a positive and significant influence on ROA as shown by (β=0.739, p=0.000) and (β=0.293, p=0.000) respectively. The study recommends that MFIs should implement effective measures of managing financial risk. Specifically, the MFIs should work at reducing their liquidity risk and credit risk as these two adversely affects ROA. Future research ought to focus on other financial institutions in Kenya to corroborate or refute the conclusions of this research.