The study sought to examine the influence of organizational factors on the implementation of the National Youth Policy in Kenya. The study was guided by the following three specific objectives: to investigate the influence of formal legal distance on the implementation of National Youth Policy in Kenya; to investigate the influence of organization autonomy on the implementation of National Youth Policy in Kenya, and to examine the influence of organizational culture on the implementation of National Youth Policy in Kenya. The study combined both qualitative and quantitative techniques in data analysis. The results revealed that the three variables depicted a significant influence on National youth policy implementation in Kenya. Organizational culture depicted a minimum influence on the policy implementation (beta value, 0.148) with organizational autonomy depicting the greatest influence of policy implementation (beta value, 0.318). In addition, the key informant findings revealed a positive relationship between the organizational factors and national youth policy implementation. The study concluded that formal legal distance, organizational autonomy, and organization culture are the main determinants of national youth policy implementation which is supported by the beta values 0.283, 0.318, and 0.148 respectively. The study recommends that the public sector should adopt effective organizational factors that positively influence national youth policy implementation. Additionally, studies should be conducted to examine the influence of corruption, leadership management on implementation of national youth policy.

A suitable capital structure is a key choice for any business establishment. The choice is key not just for the reason of making the most of returns to different organizational areas, but similarly due to the bearing such a choice have on an establishment’s capability to handle its competitive setting. Establishments struggle when structuring their finance since it is difficult to determine how it will affect performance, which is crucial for the establishment's worth and, therefore, its survival. The main aim of this research was to determine capital structure effect on financial performance of NSE listed firms. The independent variable for the research was capital structure measured using the ratio of total debt to total assets while the dependent variable was financial performance measured using ROA. The control variables were firm size and liquidity. The study was guided by relevance and irrelevance theory, agency cost theory and pecking order theory. Descriptive research design was utilized in this research. The 42 non-financial NSE listed firms as at December 2021 served as target population. The study collected secondary data for five years (2017-2021) on an annual basis from CMA and individual NSE listed firms annual reports. Descriptive, correlation as well as regression analysis were undertaken and outcomes offered in tables followed by pertinent interpretation and discussion. The research discovered a 0.6125 R square value implying that 61.25% of changes in NSE listed firms financial performance can be described by the three variables chosen for this research. The multivariate regression analysis further revealed that individually, capital structure has a negative effect on performance of NSE listed firms (β=-0.442, p=0.001). The control variable which was firm size displayed a positive and significant performance influence as shown by (β=0.624, p=0.000). Firm liquidity also exhibited a positive and significant effect on performance of NSE listed firms (β=0.184, p=0.029). the study recommends the need for practitioners among NSE listed firms to strike a balance between the benefits and costs associated with debt as high levels of debt negatively affects financial performance. The study also recommends that NSE listed firms should work at improving their asset base and their liquidity as they significantly affect their performance.

As more patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Kenya commence antiretroviral therapy, healthcare workers have made efforts to reach out to populations that are both hidden and more prone to acquiring HIV. One of the aforementioned populations is Male Sex Workers (MSW). This study’s aim was to look into the association between depression and utilisation of HIV infection prevention, treatment and care services in the midst of MSW, who exclusively sell sex to men. This study was conducted among male sex workers at the Coast HIV Resource Centre in Mombasa County. This study was governed by four objectives: to describe the socio-demographic characteristics of MSW at the Coast HIV Resource Centre, to determine the depression status of MSW at the Coast HIV Resource Centre, to describe the utilisation of healthcare services among MSW at the Coast HIV Resource Centre in Mombasa and to determine the relationship between depression status and utilisation of HIV infection prevention, treatment and care services at the Coast HIV Resource Centre in Mombasa. This was a cross-sectional study employing both qualitative and quantitative methods and had 281 respondents. Quantitative data were collected using structured researcher administered questionnaires and data entry done using Epi data 3.0 and exported into SPSS 25.0 for further analysis and presented in tables, pie charts, bar graphs, and prose form. Qualitative data were analysed using NVivo version 12 to categorise and organise information, examine relationships in the data by combining the analysis with linking, searching and modelling. The study observed that most of the respondents were aged 20-24 and the prevalence of clinically significant depression was at 25.4%. (No depression56, Mild depression 118, moderate depression 45, severe depression 14).More than half of the respondents (52.8%) mentioned that health provider attitudes hinder utilisation of HIV infection prevention, treatment and care. This study has found out that fear of stigma, violence and discrimination play a role in preventing male sex workers from accessing health services. Societal stigma may also have a hand discouraging the use of health services due to incidences such as verbal harassment, physical assault and blackmail. The study observed that the respondents experienced stigma from healthcare providers, reinforcing the necessity of mitigation and intervention as regards stigma. Though the prevalence of depression among the respondents was low, the study recommends integration of mental health services to be included in the existing prevention, care and treatment services. This will benefit both their sexual and mental health. This study also recommends the sensitization and training of both government and private healthcare providers on the appropriate ways of providing health services to the MSW population. It further recommends training for police and prison officers who are likely to come in contact with these populations when they are in their custody. This training will be a critical step in not only preventing new infections, but also ensuring that those who are infected with HIV have access to the Corruption is a societal problem that continues to thrive unabated, despite the policy and legislative overdrive against it in Kenya. As a result, the government’s effort to eliminate corruption has been welcomed with lots of cynicism and suspicion. The government has been accused of manifesting insufficient political will in addressing corruption, as demonstrated by the deeply entrenched political impunity in public service. This has led to the capture and manipulation of key state institutions and processes of governance undermining public service delivery and the quality of citizens’ livelihood. The government has therefore lost the credibility to lead the fight against corruption to the Civil Society. Civil Society Organizations depend on external funding to conceptualize and implement anti-corruption projects that include among others compelling the government to fight corruption effectively. This study therefore sought to assess the influence of external funding on the effectiveness of Civil Society Organizations in the fight against corruption, by determining the influence of funding from: (1) International Development Agencies (IDAs) and (2) Foreign Embassies (FEs) on the effectiveness of Transparency International Kenya in the fight against corruption. The study utilized Hegel’s theory on civil society and employed an exploratory research design using Transparency International Kenya as a case study. Both primary and secondary sources of data were utilized. Purposive sampling technique was employed in the collection of primary data, to identify the target population from whom data was gathered through administration of questionnaires and oral interviews. In the analysis of data both quantitative and qualitative data analysis methods were utilized. The study established that there is a positive relation between external funding from both International Development Agencies and Foreign Embassies, and the effectiveness of Transparency International Kenya. For instance, the study established that an increase in funding from IDAs & FEs strengthened and enhanced TI Kenya effectiveness. When TI Kenya had more funds, the study findings showed that the organization’s capacity and ability to undertake more and quality anti-corruption activities was greatly improved. Some of the key anti-corruption activities undertaken by TI Kenya as a result of funding from both IDAs & FEs include; undertaking quality anti-corruption research, support the formulation, review and enforcement of both anti-corruption and accountability related policies and legislations, conduct anti-corruption public awareness campaigns & citizens’ empowerment initiatives, build nascent anti-corruption partnerships, networks & coalitions for collective anti-corruption efforts supporting and strengthening integrity and ethics initiatives in county governance and lastly building internal excellence as an anti-corruption organization. The study concluded by recommending that external funding should continue and should be increased as it plays an important role in enhancing CSOs’ effectiveness in combating graft. In addition, the study recommends the utilization of core funding as the best model for funding CSOs compared to the project funding model. appropriate care and treatment even when in confinement.

The adolescence stage is when a child starts questioning parental rules and may defy them, resulting in conflicts between the two. This statement implies that parental care and love are paramount even as the parent supervises and raises a child at this very stage. The nature of parenting usually determines how a child relates with others and defines their social skills. The main objective of this study was to establish the effects of parenting styles on conduct disorder among the children in the Youth Corrective Training Center and at Kamae Girls Borstal Institution, both situated in Nairobi County for boys and girls, respectively. The researcher applied a correlational research design to undertake this very study. The target population for this study comprised youths aged between 12-22 from the two institutions mentioned above. From the target population of 275 individuals, the researcher picked a sample size of 169, comprising 46 girls and 123 boys. The study collected 143 questionnaires from the 169-sample population. The data was collected using a self-administered and structured questionnaire on conduct disorder and parenting styles. The data was thereafter analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The researcher tested the relationship between conduct disorder and perceived parenting styles using the Chi-square test of independence. The descriptive results identified the permissive style as the most prevalent parenting style, with a mean of 4.45 (SD= 1.08). Authoritative parenting comprised the least used parenting style (M=2.16, SD=1.37) among the respondents’ guardians and parents. Alternatively, the study found that 70 percent of the respondents had varying levels of conduct disorder, with 11 percent having a high probability of having severe conduct disorder. The inferential results revealed a significant relationship between conduct disorder and perceived parenting styles. Also, the study found no significant difference between female and male juveniles the in the two Kamiti youth corrective facilities. Thus, the study concluded that the permissive and authoritarian parenting styles affected children’s conduct disorder development. The study recommended that future studies on the subject matter should consider using experimental research design to ascertain the relationship between conduct disorder and parenting styles. The study also recommended conduct disorder screening at youth correctional facilities, the adoption of an authoritative parenting style among Kenyan parents, and the need for raising awareness of conduct disorder among the youth and Kenya in general.

Moreover, working capital management affects performance linked to the finance of any company, this calls for good control to ensure a balance of performance and the risk of not achieving financial obligation. It is a major cornerstone of effectiveness and efficiency in finance. Hence, the objective of the study was to examine the impacts of working capital control on the financial performance of retail supermarkets in Nairobi County. Resource-based, Agency, and Cash Conversion Cycle theory anchored this study. The research adopted the correlation design of the study. This design intends to accurately and systematically describe a situation or population. The research focused on 13 supermarkets in Nairobi from 2016 to 2021. The information for the study was obtained from the Supermarket reports of finance from 2016-2021. In addition, data was analyzed through SPSS. During data examination, descriptive and inferential examinations were done. From the findings, the inventory turnover ratio has a negative correlation towards the predicted variable as depicted by (r=-0.017, p=0.885) while the account receivable average, account payable average, and liquidity ratio have a positive relation towards the Return on assets. The account receivable average has (r=0.002, p=0.989), account payable average (r=0.145, p=0.204), and liquidity ratio (r=0.435, p=0.000) towards the regressed variable. The diagnostic analysis posted that the dataset met the minimum threshold. Therefore, the enabling variables were free multicollinearity obstruction while autocorrelation and normal posted a normal range. The descriptive statistics gave a factual proposition of average and standard deviation. Moreover, the presentation of the greatest and lowest value explained the range. ROA recorded the lowest value of 0.0294 and the highest of 0.4912. The inventory turnover posted the least value of 2.6358 while a maximum of 8.9021. The account receivable had 3.0741 and 7.3116 for the lowest and highest figures respectively. The account payable recorded the least of 3.2765 and a maximum figure of 4.1925. The computation illustrates that all the chosen predictor variables correlated positively with ROA. It is imperative to present that when all factors remain unchanged, the ROA is negative at 11.3%. In addition, a positive change in the inventory turnover time translates to an increase in ROA by 0.1 when all factors are unchanged. Furthermore, the advancement in a single unit of average accounts receivable causes a positive increase of 0.3% in ROA whenever all factors are kept constant. Furthermore, the increment of a singular unit of average accounts payable translates to a 2.8% increase in ROA, all factors constant. Lastly, a unitary advancement on one unit of liquidity is fundamental for the positive increase in ROA by 62.7% all other determinants held constant. The correlation gave a prompt outlook of the association. The R-value was 0.445 and the R-Square was 19.8% thereby postulating that deviation in ROA was triggered by Liquidity, Inventory Turnover Period, Average Receivable Accounts, and Average Account Payable. The remnant 80.2% relates to varying changes correlated with enablers not factored in the study. The comprehensive inspection should be followed by a forensic accounting mechanism that gives a red alert to the supermarket for going beyond the threshold. This investigation proposes a replicate study that considers the working capital and financial sustainability of manufacturing firms.

News institutions are continually rethinking and redesigning their strategies because of the potentially disruptive effects of social media. The emergence of new media has affected operations of news organizations as well as the manner in which audiences consume news. The debate on the effect of social media on news publication continues amid technological disruptions. Current literature on social media usage in the context of journalism practice has largely delved into use of social media as a means of news gathering or news distribution, and consumption. This study was informed by the following objectives: to assess social media effects on news publication; to examine the adoption of social media on news publication at the Standard Group; and to determine the effects of social media on news publications at the Standard Group. This was a qualitative study with a cross-sectional research design, which sought to determine the effects of social media on news publication at the Standard Group. Key informant interviews were conducted with news staff of the Standard Group who were purposively selected. The sample size of the study constituted of 10 seasonal editors. The Standard Group’s social media policy and the digital/online department documentation of policies, procedures and work instructions were reviewed to obtain information about the effects of social media on news publication. Further, the news institution’s social media sites were analyzed to gain a deeper understanding on use of social networks for news publication. Analysis of qualitative data was done thematically. The data is presented in a narrative description and verbatim quotes. The overall findings of the study show that social media has become a major news source, it has proliferated hate speech and falsity, affected exclusivity in breaking of news, led to content disruption, steered versatility and creativity in news publication, and affected publication of breakings news. Further, the results of the study establishes that the Standard Group has adopted social media primarily to break stories in real time, receive feedback and interact with its content users, post links to stories, preview newspapers, as well as a news platform for production and publication of news. Social media has disrupted news sourcing, processing, and created opportunities for the media house to shift towards a digital newsroom. The study further shows that social media has improved audience experience and given rise to a new structure of work at the Standard Group. This digital media technology has further stirred the need for multimedia journalism at the Standard Group. The study recommends that media institutions and journalists to fact check and verify information they source and process as news from social media platforms.