The business environment is unprecedented, unpredictable and uncertain and it is ever changing. Organizations need to scan the environment in order to understand what go beyond its walls. The environment is dynamic and for a firm to be competitive in its environment, it needs to develop strategy that match the changing environment. Because today’s strategies might be rendered, obsolete tomorrow. The aviation industry has endured most of the devastation of the corona virus pandemic due to border closures, ban and other restrictions around the world to curb the spread of the disease. The research analyzed the strategies that Kenya Airways Corporation pursued during the Covid-19 pandemic. The objective of the study was to determine the strategies that Kenya Airways Corporation pursued during the covid-19 pandemic. The study was anchored on environmental dependency and resource-based view theories. The researcher used the case study research design. Both primary and secondary data were used. The primary data was gathered using the face-to-face interview guide while data was analyzed using the content analysis. The study concludes that the airline experienced a turbulent environment due to the pandemic and measures such as border closures and restrictions to movement together with virus variants further made air transportation worsen. The study established that to survive the pandemic, Kenya Airways formulated several strategies to match this environment. These strategies included; formation of partnerships with other airlines, grounding, sale and leasing out some of its aircrafts. The research established that the airline also reduced its workforce from above 4300 to below 3200. The carrier stopped taking its fleet abroad for maintenance after it built the capacity to do the maintenance at its hangers. All these undertakings saved the airline on costs during the pandemic crisis. The study recommends the company to embrace all the strategies it had formulated into the future until the environment stabilizes. The government should continue protecting the company against stiff competition from Ethiopia, British and gulf carriers (emirates, Etihad and Qatar airways). The management of the company should be looked into as it has been blamed on the woes the company had faced for many years. Kenya government should renationalize the company so that it can be competitive and profit making like other state-owned carriers. Kenya airways should also embrace new aviation industry technologies to boost on its operation. The company business should be diversified in order to spread the risk in future.

Agricultural productivities is an important issue in Kenya’s agriculture sector. The Kenya Vision 2030 and the Agricultural Sector Transformation and Growth Strategy envisions a commercialized, resilient, and competitive smallholder farms. Smallholder farmers productivities are for home consumption, market, or a blend of the two. The study sought to understand the agricultural productivities among community-based farming projects in Suba Sub-County and the factors of production influencing them. The research used a cross-sectional survey with a sample size of 260 and return rate of 93% which comprised smallholder famers and key informants. An administered questionnaire was used to collect data from the sampled farmers while a key informant interview guide was used to interview key informants. The study found a weak positive correlation and statistically significant relationship between access to land and agricultural productivities (r= 0.227; P>0.001); access to market and agricultural productivities (r= 0.223; P>0.001); and access to technology and agricultural productivities (r= 0.136; P>0.035). The study also found a weak positive correlation and statistically insignificant relationship between infrastructure and agricultural productivities (r= 0.098; P<0.129) and between access to finance and agricultural productivities (r= 0.086; P<0.182). The study concluded that access to land, markets, and technology are key determinants of agricultural productivities among community-based farming projects while infrastructure and access to finance does not significantly influence agricultural productivities. It is recommended that that development actors, including the County government, national Government, and Non-State Actors to formulate policies and strategies, develop programs, and design and implement projects that facilitate access to land, market, and technology to spur agricultural productivities of community-based farming projects. It is also recommended that policies on inclusive financial access for farmers and improved infrastructure should be a key priority of County Government, national Government, and other key stakeholders. Further research should be conducted to assess the influence of other factors such as entrepreneurial spirit, county and national Government policies, NGO activities, and household characteristics among others. This research should also be replicated in other regions of the country to compare findings.

Corruption is an age-old social problem that is endemic to governments, individuals, companies, institutions, and nations globally. It is thriving despite the continuous efforts that have been sustained by various nations to curb it. Corruption is viewed as both an ethical and legal problem that has stifled growth in many countries. The main objective of this study was to establish the Role of Broadcast Media in Mitigating Corruption in Public Economic Management in Africa. Specifically; to critically assess the role that broadcast media plays in the mitigation of corruption in Kenya; to analyse the challenges faced by broadcast media in the coverage of corruption in Kenya and to evaluate the effectiveness of the strategies used by broadcast media in the fight against corruption in Kenya. The study was guided by Agenda Setting Theory in Mass Communication. This study adopted both secondary and primary research designs. The target population was 174 employees drawn from different media companies. The study adopted random and stratified random sampling techniques sampling the target population to 120 respondents. Both primary and secondary data was collected using a questionnaire and an interview guide. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined over the course of this investigation by employing Cronbach's Alpha as the reliability measure of choice. According to the study, corruption is a sort of dishonesty or a crime committed by a person or group in a position of authority in order to obtain illegal benefits or exploit that position for one's own benefit. The report also revealed that the most significant difficulty confronting media companies is agenda shaping. The survey discovered that media companies frequently dealt with libel and defamation proceedings where the onus of evidence rested with the accuser and that many of them had to pay significant fines as a result. The study also revealed that it is not wise to promote corruption. The study's conclusion was that in order to raise public awareness, the media should keep informing the public and exposing corrupt practices. The study came to the conclusion that corruption is a sort of dishonesty or a crime committed by a person or group in a position of authority in order to obtain illegal benefits or misuse power for one's own profit. The study found that media outlets frequently dealt with libel and defamation proceedings where the onus of evidence rested with the accuser, and many of them had to pay significant fines as a result. Failure of the government to support and protect the media house and journalists has often been featured as some of the man challenges facing the broadcast media houses and outlets in Kenya. The study concluded that bribe is the most common type of corruption in the Government. According to the study, media companies should set up divisions dedicated to covering corruption. Since security is the biggest issue facing media companies, it is necessary to give investigative journalists and media companies in general proper security. This will improve journalist training and aid in the fight against corruption. The best way to cover corruption stories is through effective training. This may be accomplished by improving laws relating to media and security and by establishing a dedicated police unit to provide security to investigative journalists. Given the dearth of investigative journalists working for media companies, it is strongly advised that journalists receive training on how to manage and disclose corruption. There is a need for more investigative journalists to be employed; media companies should adopt cutting-edge technology to combat corruption effectively and efficiently; and to prevent being compromised while performing their duties, journalists should be provided with a good compensation package, risk allowances, and transportation conveniences.

The Islamic banks in Kenya continue to face stiff competition in the industry. This has necessitated these banks to design and adopt strategies that can contribute to their performance and profit increment. Despite this, Kenya’s Islamic banks have recorded low market share rate as linked to conventional banks. These banks have recorded a declining trend in terms of profits where First Community Bank(FCB) total net gain plunged into almost half and Gulf African Bank(GAB) slowed their growth. It is therefore, against this backdrop that this study arose to examine the strategies adopted by Islamic banks to increase their profits in Kenya. The investigation embraced a comparative case study approach to provide an insight understanding of strategies adopted by Islamic banks to increase their profits in Kenya. The study covered two Sharia Compliant Banks in Kenya namely Gulf African Bank (GAB) and First Community Bank (FCB). The researcher interviewed one (1) middle and (1) top management staff in Nairobi of the two Sharia Compliant Banks. From the analysis of the findings, it was concluded that most Islamic banks embraced cost leadership, differentiation and focus strategies. The findings also indicated that the brand and vision was instituted around the specific customer promise making it visible to the niche market. The findings of the study also indicated that Islamic banks have introduced aspects of technology to include the impact of internet, emerging technological impact, reduction in communication costs, technological incentives, activities in regard to R&D, rate at which technology was changing and levels of automation. From the study results, it was therefore recommended that employees of both GAB and FCB should be trained on the ways of implementing cost strategies to ensure banks are able to implement the cost leadership strategy. This will ensure that all the Islamic banks get cost advantage over their rivals and this can be conducted through continuous automation of systems. The study also recommends that Banks to aim beyond Muslim clients and aim for non-Muslim clients as most Islamic banks name their products using Arabic terms that non-Muslims cannot understand and relate to which gives the impression that Islamic banking is only for Muslims. The most basic requirement is the need for an Islamic bank to work perfectly on the demand of, or response to its customers ‘needs and wants. Moreover, these banks should invest on ICT infrastructure which should help the bank to grow towards achieving the set goals. Islamic banks need to come up with ICT strategies which are in line with the ever changing business environment. ICT strategies adopted by Islamic bank should focus on reducing cost of doing business. Both banks should asses the marketing strategies effectiveness by coming up with quantitative characteristics which can be obtained from Islamic banks sample. Islamic banks should change their sales strategies according to the changing business environment. Marketing strategies should help banks in understanding the types of expectations so as to appreciate benefits customers expect to receive. They should also constantly evaluate their marketing strategies. Further, Islamic banks should strive for quality customer service as a way of increasing the number of customers.

In the last two decades, the need for time and cost saving banking process for SMEs coincided with modern banks seeking to improve customer service and add value to banking experience for SMEs. Since internet banking aims to enhance the customer experience, the key factors that relate to the objective of internet banking warrant attention and investigation to facilitate informed decision making. Regardless of the fact that factors influencing the adoption and use of internet banking services has been extensively done in developed countries as opposed to developing countries in Africa like Kenya since technology adoption in these countries is still in its infancy. Therefore, this study investigates the determinants of SMEs’ use of IB in Kenya from users’ perspective. Descriptive survey will be applied where 132 SMEs in Kisii town will be interviewed. A structured questionnaire will be randomly administered to gather data information from the customers. The data gathered from the customers will be analysed using statistical tests conducted using MS Excel and SPSS version 20.0. The study identified perceived usefulness, ease of use, risk, and customer’s innovativeness as key factors influencing SMEs use of IB in Kisii County. The study recommends SMEs to embrace the use of IB so as to be resilient in hard economic times. The study recommends more representative study to be carried out of the whole country to be conducted because the findings could not be generalized for whole country.

Kenya has been faced with a mounting security threat primarily from terrorism orchestrated by the Al-Shabaab terror organisation. The research focused on military involvement in internal security operation focusing on assessing the Kenya Defence Forces in terrorism operations in kenya from 2000-2021. The research objectives was to determine the scope of military roles in internal security, explore the strategies the KDF can apply when involved internal security and examine the challenges the KDF could face in internal security operation. Qualitative research methodology was usedrelying heavily on secondary datafor content analysis. Data was obtained from several secondary sources which included information from official documents within the areas that constitute the key elements of the current study including at the global, regional, and national levels, with Kenya as the as the case study. The study‘s findings revealed the need to intensify multi-agency collaboration involving the NPS and the KDF in combating terrorism. The government needs to prioritise addressing the innate challenges like poor working conditions and remuneration for the police, in addition to endemic corruption. Continued investment in multi-agency cooperation and leveraging intelligence as opposed to always reacting to attacks. The study therefore recommends that, that the government should champion the development of high-level multi-agency cooperation and collaboration among these agencies, improving the working conditions and remuneration to the police and other security agencies, prioritise equipping the security agencies especially the KDFand prioritise intelligence.