The employment of workers on casual terms denies them protection by minimum wage standards, social benefits and labor union membership. The Chinese Multinational Corporations (MNCs) operating in the road construction sub sector have been accused of providing inadequate wages and wrongful termination. Disagreements between Chinese enterprises and Kenyan workers have a severe impact on infrastructure development and, as a result, bilateral ties between the two nations. The study‘s main objective is to evaluate Kenya-China bilateral relations in infrastructural development: a case study on remuneration of local employees within Nairobi region. The study sought: to determine the influence of Kenya-China bilateral relations on infrastructural development within Nairobi region; to establish the influence of company ownership on the remuneration of local employees under Kenya-China bilateral relations in infrastructure development within Nairobi region; to assess the influence of Kenya-China bilateral relations in infrastructural development on the average level of wages of local employees within Nairobi region. The Liberalism theory, Herzberg two factor theory and the theory of Wage Norms guided the study. A cross-sectional descriptive design was used to provide a clear description of the phenomenon under study. The study targeted four projects two of which are operated by Chinese companies while the other two are operated by local Kenya indigenous companies. Primary and secondary data was gathered for the study. A questionnaire and an interview guide was utilized to gather primary data. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of the quantitative data. A qualitative approach of data analysis was adopted to analyze data collected from the interview guide. Tables and figures were adopted to present the quantitative data while narration format was used to present qualitative data. According to the findings, China's involvement in Kenya's infrastructure has led in the country's development and growth. However, this progress has been followed by a negative effect of Kenya increasing its debt to China. The study found that the Chinese construction companies remunerated the local employees poorly as compared to the Local construction companies. The findings indicated that the work environment of the local employees in the Chinese companies was poor. The study concludes that Kenya-China bilateral relation on infrastructure projects has an influence on the remuneration of local employees in Kenya. The study suggested that the government should implement accountability and transparency with reference to the financing borrowed from China. A recommendation made in the study is that the government through COTU should ensure that the labour laws of Kenya are followed by all employers including international companies with subsidiaries in Kenya. The study suggests that research should be conducted focusing on the working environment in Chinese operated projects.

The objective of this study was to establish the relationship between profitability and financial deepening among commercial banks in Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey design covering quantitative methods. The study targeted 39 commercial banks operating in Kenya and census was used. Secondary data was gathered over a period of 5-years (2016-2020) and analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings were that ROA (β=.112, t>1.96 & p<0.05), ROE (β =.101, t>1.96 & p<0.05), bank size (β =.119, t>1.96 & p<0.05) as well as capital adequacy (β =.105, t>1.96 & p<0.05) were all significant predictors of financial deepening among commercial banks in Kenya. The study concludes that profitability is a significant predictor of financial deepening. The study recommends that finance managers of commercial banks in Kenya should come up with sound strategies aimed at improving profits so as to contribute towards financial deepening. The policy makers of the commercial banks in Kenya should develop sound policies and strategies aimed at enhancing the profits generated and thus improving on financial depth. The policy makers at the CBK should develop relevant and sound regulations that encourage and promote financial deepening among commercial banks. The policy makers at KBA should also develop relevant policies for their members that encourage financial deepening.

The purpose of this research paper was determining the influence of current asset structure towards profitability of listed firms under category of construction and allied firms. The study measured current asset structure in terms of cash and cash equivalents, inventories, and trade and other receivables. The main goal current asset management is to ensure a steady flow of revenue. Maximum utilization and management of current assets by controlling aspects like accounts receivables, cash, as well as inventory, is strategically related to high profitability through improvement of business liquidity. Nonetheless, poor financing decisions have led to most firms’ failure, which has posed a big dilemma to researchers, business managers, and investors. Such declines have been experienced by companies on Nairobi security exchange making them perform poorly. In addition, a number of them have ended up being either delisted or suspended from stock market. This study was informed by stakeholders’ theory and trade-off theory. This study employed use of longitudinal study approach. The study’s population comprised of the five companies which were listed on Nairobi Security Exchange under construction and allied category as at December 2021. Study collected secondary data extracted from available records of the firms under study. The study was based on a period of ten years ranging from 2012 to 2021. The research applied descriptive and regression methods in analyzing data. The study revealed that current asset influenced financial performance through firms’ cash and cash equivalents. It was further established that firm size tends to have a strong control effect towards the linkage of current asset and profitability. Constructs of inventories and trade and other receivables were found to have insignificant effect towards financial performance of construction. The management of construction and allied listed firms should devise ways of intensifying short-term investment securities in terms of cash in order to ensure high credit quality.

The interplay between asset structure and corporate financing decision among Kenyan listed commercial and services firms was explored in this inquiry. The embraced design was descriptively survey and 13 firms were targeted. The time horizon was 2017-2021 and information was gathered from auxiliary sources. The study established that asset structure, firm size, profitability and firm age were all significant predictors of corporate financing decisions. It was concluded that asset structure is a significant predictor of corporate financing decisions under control of firm size, age and profitability. It was recommended that FMs should trade off the benefits of debts against the costs and establish an appropriate mix of the same with equities in their capital structures.

Youth unemployment is a major challenge that faces young people of today, many graduates are languishing in the hope of getting employed (Ogot 2015). Government programs have gone to great lengths to promote youth entrepreneurship but according to Tuko(2021) many are not aware of the programs available. Media can be a useful tool in promoting such awareness on issues of entrepreneurship. The study aimed at examining the role of The Entrepreneur Show on KTN news as a useful tool in influencing entrepreneurship among the youth. The study analyzed the TV shows content to achieve a qualitative analysis by viewing 20 available episodes on The Entrepreneur Show on YouTube. The study was able to deduce the cross-cutting attitudes and the emerging issues affecting uptake of entrepreneurship among the youth. The study was also able to note how issues of entrepreneurship are communicated and how that may affect uptake among the youth. The study explained the finding using social learning theory and media’s agenda setting role the researcher drew the relationship between the Media’s recent conversations around entrepreneurship with the growth in number of entrepreneurs both in the show and in the country. The researcher noted that though media may not to directly trigger actual entrepreneurial intentions or action, they do have a positive effect on social norms and values and thereby influence both the desirability and feasibility of entrepreneurship. Other factors have a significant impact on entrepreneurship uptake, which informs how media messages and packages TV shows such as The Entrepreneur Show. From the findings, the researcher noted emerging issues on content repackaging and media’s intentionality to foster entrepreneurship among the youth. Thus, recommended further research on repackaging and intentionality of entrepreneurship conversations.

The financing of energy projects is essential to the development of infrastructure. Because governments’ activities are becoming increasingly diverse and because governments can no longer serve as the exclusive source of funding for infrastructure projects, a variety of alternative methods of financing infrastructure development are now being used worldwide. Project financing has increasingly become a preferred model of financing for many infrastructure projects in the energy sector. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of project financing on the performance among IPPs in Kenya. The study is guided by the resource dependency theory, frank knight’s risk bearing theory, and modern portfolio theory. A descriptive survey research design was adopted with 5 IPPs in Kenya as the target population and analyzed variables including plant availability, plant capacity, energy generated, capital expenditure, annual operation expenditure, cost of debt, capital structure and capacity factor. The study findings showed how variables affect performance showing that at ceteris paribus; one unit change in plant capacity, OPEX, log of Energy generated, Capital structure and cost of debt lead to an increase in the performance of the project by 0.04%, 0.005%, 0.3424%, 0.0129%, 33.2089%. Separately, one unit change in plant availability, CAPEX, capacity factor leads to a decrease in project performance by 4.02%, 0.8057%, 0.5921%. The findings showed that out of all factors analyzed, cost of debt has the most positive effect on project performance. This shows that a firm that uses project financing realizes better returns due to the huge tax savings on interest on debt. Project financing, can therefore be concluded to be the most effective financing model as it consists of more debt than equity and as shown in the results and has better effect on profitability of an IPP. The study recommended that IPP project investors should be encouraged to adopt project financing as it promotes performance mainly through tax savings. The Government, through the Regulator can embark on providing incentives to project financing as a model of financing for capital intensive projects.