Tacit knowledge (TK) transferred among employees drives organizations’ effectiveness. However, it is not clear how use of TK transfer techniques affects the performance of agricultural researchers, and how social and organizational factors affect TK transfer among themselves. This study assessed the effect of use of TK transfer techniques on performance of Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO) researchers and how the social and organizational factors affect TK transfer among them. This study used a descriptive survey research design, cluster sampling, a semi-structured questionnaire to collect data from 191 researchers in KALRO research centers, and SPSS Version 20 to analyze the data using the Likert scale and Chi-square test. Collaborative research, workshops and seminars were the most used and adequate techniques for transferring TK and enhancing performance among KALRO researchers. Cognitive Self-Motivation (93.2%) was the most useful and performance enhancing type of TK. Management of agricultural research projects (90.1%) was the performance indicator that researchers were most enabled to meet by TK. The social factors that supported TK transfer most among researchers were Mutual Trust (83.2%) and Length of Service (77.5%) while organizational factors were ICT (80.6%) and space (75.9%). There was a significant association between TK and researcher’s performance; Cognitive Self-Motivation TK (x 2=62.66), Collective TK (x 2=53.78), Global TK (x 2=48.70), Local TK (x 2=79.307) and Relational TK (x 2=46.77) all with a p-value of (p=0.000). There was a significant association between social at (x2 =21.12) with a p-value of (p=0.05) and organizational factors at (x2=27.58) with a p-value of (p=0.001), and researchers’ performance. In conclusion, TK transfer enhances agricultural researchers’ performance and most social and organizational factors support it. KALRO needs to enhance further the social and organizational factors that support TK transfer among its researchers, and encourage more use of the most employed TK transfer techniques in enabling the management of research projects and the writing of research fund winning proposals through workshops, seminars and knowledge management policy.

At DIY-Computer-Repair you can build a custom pc! All you need is the technical assistance and some how to's... at DIY-Computer-Repair! Want to find out how to custom build pc? Read on! We’ll help you learn about computer repair and how you can do the repair yourself. With the information provided you will be able to repair your pc, build a pc from scratch, optimize your system to make it run faster, or hide your pc from hackers! How to build a pc from scratch even if the most technical thing you've ever done is change a light bulb! Note: This page and some others will have links back to my web site, the information for those pages may be updated, so check them occasionally. Some of the information and technical assistance you will find at www.diy-computerrepair.com. Answers to these questions are here, heck there is so much here I can't list it on this page but here are a few things at diy-computer-repair to help you:

An effective records retention and disposition program is essential to successful records management, which is an integral part of information resources management. Ministry’s like any other organizations and government agencies, need to retain records beyond current use needs, according to regulatory, legal, financial and operational requirements. A records retention and disposal schedule also known as a records disposal schedule is a systematic listing or description of an organizations records which indicates the arrangements to be made for their custody, retention and final disposition. Good records management practices and the provision of retention and disposition schedules in an organization is very important and the ability of government departments to sustain effective service delivery, accountability and good governance is largely determined by their records management practices. The main aim of the project was to review the existing retention and disposition schedule, find out its defects in order to design and implement an effective records retention and disposition schedule for the registry at the ministry of local government. To achieve the above aim, the study was guided by the project objectives which included; to identify the various types of records at the ministry of local government, to examine the effectiveness of the retention and disposition schedule at the ministry of local government and to design and implement an effective retention and disposition schedule for the registry at the ministry of local government. The project involved processes of gathering data through interaction with records management staff at the ministry. Information was gathered using tools such as the interview guide and observation guide. The data collected was very comprehensive and thus led to the design of a proper retention and disposition schedule

The aims of this new edition remain the same as the first edition (see Preface to the First Edition, below). In this edition, new cases, Codes of Conduct, alterations to legislation, both in the UK and Australia, new directives and extracts from recent articles, have been added to the Appendices while the text has been amended to reflect these changes. Chapter 1. The effect of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (FSMA) impacts on several chapters. In Chapter 1 the Financial Compensation Scheme has taken over the role of the Policyholders Protection Board and the text and Appendices reflect this. Certain additions to reflect the continued importance of European Directives are made. Facts and figures have been updated. Chapter 2. Lambert (1999) and Deepack (1999) have been added to the text and changes to the Australian Insurance Contracts Act 1984 have been made in the Appendices. Chapter 3. Changes at Lloyd’s are noted in the text and also the jurisdiction of the FSMA over unauthorised insurers. Chapter 4. The House of Lords’ interpretation of s 17 of the Marine Insurance Act in The Star Sea (2001) is discussed in the text and extracted in the Appendices. Also referred to in the text are Merc-Skandia (2001); Sirius International (1999); HIH Casualty (2001). Several new articles are referred to in the text and extracts from two articles are added to the Appendices. Chapter 5. The following cases are worked into the text: Printpak (1999); Kler (2000); Virk (2000); Alfred McAlpine (2000); Jacobs (2000); Kazakstan (2000); and HIH v Axa Corporate (2001) which has also been added to the Appendices. Chapter 6. Reference is made to the newly created General Insurance Standards Council and its two Codes which are added to the Appendices. The following cases have been added to the text: O and R Jewellers (1999); Bollom (1999) and added to the Appendices together with the House of Lords decision in Aneco (2002). Changes in Lloyd’s supervisory regime are noted. The recent draft Directive on Insurance Mediation (intermediaries) is outlined in the text. Changes to the Australian Insurance (Agents and Brokers) Act 1984 are included.

Textbook of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry is the outcome of numerous efforts of authors to assimilate the voluminous knowledge of traditional and modern pharmacognosy, which has long been a requirement of the curricula of various universities across the world. In times of yore, pharmacognosy was considered as the study of drugs of natural origin. The American Society of Pharmacognosy derived it as the study of physical, chemical, biochemical and biological properties of drug, drug substances or potential drugs or drug substances of natural origin as well as the search for new drugs from natural sources. The world of pharmacognosy has continuously been enriching with multifaceted information considering various aspects of the natural drugs including history, alternative medicinal systems, classification, morphology, identification, cultivation, collection, production and utilization of drugs; trade and utilization of medicinal and aromatic plants and their contribution to national economy; adulteration of drugs of natural origin; evaluation of drugs by their physical, chemical and organoleptic properties; biological screening of herbal drugs; biosynthetic pathways of various phytopharmaceuticals; pharmacognostical study of crude drugs; extraction, isolation and purification of herbal drugs and modern plant biotechnology. Such an enormous information about the natural drug gives rise to a subject that is now recognized as modern pharmacognosy. It is a highly interdisciplinary science, encompassing a broad range of studies involving phytochemical study of medicinal plants and biologically active principles obtained from plants in addition to the traditional pharmacognostical aspects of natural drugs. Considering all this comprehensive information of the subject, a textbook is premeditated to contribute substantially to the world of pharmacognosist. This modern book of pharmacognosy and phytochemistry emphasizes the biodiversity of plants and encompasses biosynthesis, extraction, isolation of compounds with TLC identification, bioactivity determination and synthesis of plant components of interest in addition to the traditional pharmacognosy comprising cultivation, collection, morphology, microscopy, taxonomy, chemical constituents and uses of drugs of natural origin. A special feature of the book is an additional advantage, that of inclusion of marketed products of the drugs described. The book is designed to have 35 chapters divided into 10 parts (A to J). Each chapter is written with the aim to give a reasonable background to academician and researchers in the respective topic. A special miscellaneous chapter has been devoted to provide information about ayurvedic, marine medicinal plants, neutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals as well as herbs that have proved to be pesticides or allergens or producing colours, dyes and hallucinogenic effects. The objective of the authors is fully achieved by systemic assemblage of the well-written chapters with neat and clean well-labelled diagrams wherever necessary. The authors convey the deep sense of gratitude to their grandparents, parents, spouses and children for motivating them to provide a kind of book badly required collectively for undergraduate, postgraduate and researchers at one place. This is an added advantage the book will give to the readers of any walk of life. Doubtless, authors are indebted to all who have supported in giving this present shape to the book. Last but not the least, authors are immensely thankful to our publisher for their support, guidance and cooperation to publish this book. Suggestions and criticisms will always be solicited by the authors to further improve the quality of the book in real sense.

The modern web application has really come a long way over the years with the introduction of many popular frameworks such as bootstrap, Angular JS, etc. All of these frameworks are based on the popular JavaScript framework. But when it came to developing server based applications there was just kind of a void, and this is where Node.js came into the picture. Node.js is also based on the JavaScript framework, but it is used for developing server-based applications. While going through the entire tutorial, we will look into Node.js in detail and how we can use it to develop server based applications.

Why Unix? Unix is the most widely used computer Operating System (OS) in the world. Unix has been ported to run on a wide range of computers, from handheld personal digital assistants (PDAs) to inexpensive home computing systems to some of the worlds' largest super-computers. Unix is a multiuser, multitasking operating system which enables many people to run many programs on a single computer at the same time. After more than three decades of use, Unix is still regarded as one of the most powerful, versatile, flexible and (perhaps most importantly) reliable operating systems in the world of computing. The UNIX operating system was designed to let a number of programmers access the computer at the same time and share its resources. The operating system controls all of the commands from all of the keyboards and all of the data being generated, and permits each user to believe he or she is the only person working on the computer. This real-time sharing of resources makes UNIX one of the most powerful operating systems ever. Although UNIX was developed by programmers for programmers, it provides an environment so powerful and flexible that it is found in businesses, sciences, academia, and industry. Many telecommunications switches and transmission systems also are controlled by administration and maintenance systems based on UNIX.

Feed accounts for at least 70 percent of chicken production costs due to the expensive protein ingredients of soybean and fishmeal (SFM) that are key in commercial feed formulation. Expensive feed has seen chicken farmers scale down production or abandon the enterprise despite the current high and projected increased demand for chicken products of 121 percent by the year 2050. Insect protein from the black soldier fly (BSF) larvae has been identified as the best alternative source of protein that will reduce production costs by at least 17 percent. Previous studies have focused on the nutritional profile of the BSF and consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for the end-products of chicken reared on insect-based feed (IBF). Little is known on farmers’ perceptions and WTP for IBF in chicken production in Kenya. To address this gap, this study examined farmers’ perceptions of commercial IBF and their WTP for commercial IBF attributes. Cross-sectional data was collected through a series of multi-stage sampling from 314 predominantly chicken farmers in Kiambu County, Kenya. To assess farmers’ perceptions of commercial IBF, the study employed the principal component analysis (PCA) to develop perception indices that were subsequently used in multiple regression analyses. The choice experiment (CE) valuation method and the random parameter logit (RPL) empirical model were used to evaluate famers’ WTP for commercial IBF attributes. The results show that over 90 percent of the farmers were ready and willing to use IBF. The PCA identified feed performance, social acceptability of the use of insects in feed formulation, feed versatility and marketability of products reared on IBF as the key attributes that would inform farmers’ purchase decisions. Awareness of IBF benefits, group membership, off-farm income, wealth status and education significantly influenced farmers’ perceptions of IBF. Results from the RPL revealed that farmers were willing to pay premium prices between Ksh 35 and Ksh 345 for IBF in the form of either pellets or mash, x feed explicitly labelled as containing insects, feed mixed with SFM and dark-colored feed. Further analysis generated the compensating surplus whereby policy scenarios that consider farmers’ profits, environmental sustainability and chicken welfare aspects are preferred. The findings established here underscore the importance of conducting ex-ante behavioral analysis for innovations prior to their commercial release for successful uptake. Hence, interventions such as experimental demonstrations that increase farmers’ technical knowledge on the productivity of chicken fed on IBF are crucial to reducing farmers’ uncertainties towards acceptability of IBF. Partnerships with resource-endowed farmers and farmer groups are recommended to provide wider sensitization to improve knowledge sharing on IBF. Collaborations to open communication platforms between local artisans and feed regulators and millers to facilitate the use of local machinery for feed pelleting and efficient grounding of fatty IBF are suggested, among strategies of developing certified logos for ease of IBF identification and researching on the appropriate proportions of insect and SFM protein for optimal chicken performance. The study provides empirical evidence for the harmonization of the infant regulatory framework by the Kenya Bureau of Standards to guide the standardization process of use of insects in commercial feed. The national government could implement a nation-wide value chain mapping exercise for the poultry subsector to update the contribution of poultry to the economy and to also identify opportunities and challenges faced by other poultry breeds like the indigenous chicken.

Microbial contamination on poultry meat poses safety concerns to consumers and on commercial view, spoilage bacteria also play a bigger role towards economic losses. Control may depend on the awareness and behavioral traits of the processors. This study aimed at exploring knowledge, attitudes and practices related to microbial safety among poultry processors in Embakasi, Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was based on a cross sectional design using a structured questionnaire that was administered to 136 randomly selected street poultry processors in Embakasi, Nairobi County, Kenya. Thirty samples were collected at different processing stages and from different processors for total viable count microbial tests. The majority of respondents (82%) were aged 25-30 years, mean age was 28.9 (SD = 5.4). Everyone in the study was aware that consumption of unsafe food can cause illness. In general, the processors had high knowledge (90.8%) on microbial safety. The three least knowledgeable respondents scored 44.4% correct answers on knowledge on food safety of the administered questions. The respondents had positive attitude towards food safety with 74.6% being the average of the right attitude. The lowest score on attitude on food safety was 62.5% for two respondents. The respondents had an average of 74.6% on the right practices’ questions asked. Having participated in food safety training, higher experience in poultry processing and higher education level as compared to level of knowledge was associated with practising more preventive behaviours and having the right attitude. For the processors with knowledge of more than half (>50%) the microbial results show that the total viable count on the final product was within the allowed limit for ready to eat products. Processors with knowledge slightly less than half (<45%) the end product was found to have total viable count more than the allowed limit for ready to eat products. Attitude and Practices were found to have little significance on the microbial load; however, it was noted they were directly proportional to the knowledge level. The total viable count was found to decrease by average rate of 76% during processing with washing after evisceration being critical stage towards the reduction. Temperature of more than 750C for 1 minute was found to be critical in elimination of the microorganisms. The elimination of microorganisms was more effective in events where chlorinated water was used. PH was of little significance as there was minor deviation of PH of the water used during processing for most of poultry processors. This study provides information about knowledge, attitude and practices regarding microbial safety among poultry processors in Embakasi, Nairobi. It is clearly evident in this study that level of knowledge has positive impact on the practices, attitude of processors and eventually microbial contamination. It highlights the importance of targeting lack of knowledge for improving on food safety among the processors. The results of this study will form a useful base for training for poultry processors.

IT Fundamentals introduces computer hardware, computer software, databases, networking, security, and software development. This course comprises 15 lessons covering IT fundamentals. Each lesson includes a combination of Wikipedia readings, YouTube videos, and hands-on learning activities. The course also assists learners in preparing for CompTIA IT Fundamentals certification. This entire Wikiversity course can be downloaded in book form by selecting Download Learning Guide in the sidebar. The corresponding Wikipedia reading collection can be downloaded in book form by selecting Download Reading Guide.