The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between Contextual factors and the implementation of the new O-level curriculum in selected secondary schools in Kampala District, Uganda. The study was guided by three objectives that‟s; to find out the relationship between school environment and the implementation of the new O-level curriculum in selected schools in Kampala District; to find out the relationship between Teacher competence and the implementation of the new O-level curriculum in selected secondary schools in Kampala District and lastly to find out the relationship between student‟s competence and the implementation of the new O-level curriculum in selected secondary schools in Kampala district, Uganda. The study adopted a correlational research design that involved 88 secondary schools out of the 113 targeted secondary schools in Kampala making a response rate of 77.9 percent. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative tools and the quantitative tool had a validity and reliability of 0.821 and 0.949 respectively. SPSS version 23, was used for analysis on descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation to test relationship between variables and the regression to determine the correlation between the study variables. Meanwhile qualitative data was subjected to a thematic analysis technique. It was found that school environment had a moderate positive association on the implementation of new O-level curriculum, teacher‟s competence had a strong positive association on implementation of the new O-level curriculum and finally student‟s competence had a strong positive association on implementation of the new O-level curriculum. All the three independent variables accounted for 54.0% of the changes in the dependent variable. The study recommended that there should be Curriculum Training and Professional Development, Supportive School Leadership, Curriculum Alignment and Resources, Peer Learning and Collaboration. The study highlights areas for further studies like Investigating the impact of school infrastructure, such as classroom conditions, availability of technology, and the quality of teaching materials, on curriculum implementation and student performance. Examining the effectiveness of teacher professional development in enhancing the comptencies of teachers to attain positive curriculum implementation and researching on the corrlation between motivation, job satisfaction and their ability to effectively implement the new O-level curriculum. Identify factors that contribute to teacher motivation and satisfaction. The study had several limitations. First, sampling bias was present as the selection of schools in Kampala did not represent schools in the region. The study's timeframe was limited, hindering the capture of long-term trends of the new O-level curriculum implementation.

An experiment was set up to examine the effectiveness of papaya leaf extracts in controlling cabbage pests (aphids, diamond backmoth, cabbage head caterpillars) and diseases (black rot, downy mildew) on Gloria F1 cabbage variety. The effectiveness of papaya extracts as biostimulants on cabbage agronomic traits (leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves, plant height) and yield were assessed. A completely randomized block design experiment with three treatments (150gl-1, 100gl-1, and 50gl-1) and a control were established at NaCRRI, Namulonge. There was a general reduction in the incidence and severity of cabbage pests and diseases with the higher pawpaw leaf extract concentrations being more effective. The concentration of 150gl-1 pawpaw leaf extract was the most effective concentration against cabbage pests and diseases. Furthermore, the concentration of 150gl-1 pawpaw leaf extract had the best effects on the agronomic traits (leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves, plant height) and yield of cabbage (total yield and marketable cabbage heads). Generally, the concentration of 150gl-1pawpaw leaf extract (P=0.05) had no incidence of aphids and cabbage head caterpillars and a low incidence (P˂0.05) of diamondback moth relative to other treatments. The effectiveness of varying concentrations of pawpaw leaf extracts against cabbage diseases such as; black rot disease and downy mildew were determined on Gloria F1 variety. The concentration of 150gl-1pawpaw leaf extract (P=0.05) had the lowest incidence of black rot disease and downy mildew. The effectiveness of varying concentrations of pawpaw leaf extracts on different agronomic traits of cabbage was determined on Gloria F1 variety. The concentration of 150gl-1pawpaw leaf extract (P=0.05) led to the longest leaf length, widest leaf width and highest plant height relative to other treatments. Generally, all the treatments almost had similar number of leaves. Furthermore, the treatment of 150gl-1pawpaw leaf extract had the highest total yield and number of marketable cabbage heads. A study should be done on the effect of varying concentrations of pawpaw leaf extracts to determine their efficacy against other cabbage pests such as; cabbage white butterfly, cabbage lopper, cabbage cutworms and cross striped cabbage worm. An experiment should be conducted on the effect of varying concentrations of pawpaw leaf extracts on other cabbage diseases such as; bacterial soft rot, black leg, clubrot and alternaria leaf spot. A bio-chemical study should be done in the laboratory to establish the exact amounts of secondary metabolites in the 150gl-1pawpaw leaf extract inorder to come up with a commercial organic pawpaw leaf pesticide against vegetable pests.

The study aimed at developing a library preservation policy for St. Margrets College, Makerere. The objectives of the study were to; find out the various types of academic records preserved, assess the factors or enemies of academic records, investigate the existing academic records preservation methods, assess the current preservation policy guidelines, examine the requirements for implementing the preservation policy and guidelines for academic records and develop a preservation policy and guidelines for academic records at St. Margrets College, Makerere. A case study research design was used in the study while adopting a qualitative research approach of research in data collection; some aspects of quantitative research approach were used in data analysis and presentation. A sample size of 8 respondents were involved and these include the school bursar, school librarian, class teachers, secretary, director of studies and the Head Teacher were purposively selected to participate in the study. Interview, observation and document analysis methods of data collection were used in the study. The study established the various types of academic records amanaged at SMC, Makerere and these were; report cards, admission registers, attendance registers, syllabus/curriculum, teachers‟ record of work, punishment book, continuous assessment book, ministry of education and sports records, UNEB records, examination records, admission forms, disciplinary records. Majority of these records were paper based records though electronic records also esxisted. The findings also shows that the academic records are faced with a number of threats which can lead to deterioration of academic records which include; pests and other living organisms, dust and dirty, mishandling by the users, fire and water, high temperatures and humidity, poor quality of materials among others. The research revealed that St. Margrets College, Makerere manages a variety of academic records availed to both the students and teachers. The findings also show that the school uses different preservation techniques to protect the academic records from deteriorating at a very high rate. These techniques include; cleaning of shelves and the academic records on a daily basis, digitalisation of some records, covering windows, use of rat gum to trap pests, coating of shelves with acid free paint and so on. Staff at St. Margrets College, Makerere encountered different challenges in preservation of academic records. These challenges limit them from proper preservation of academic records and these include; inadequate space for materials, inadequate finance, limited equipments and many others. Preservation of academic records at St. Margrets College, Makerere is carried out right from the time of receiving the academic records, processing, shelving and dissemination of the materials in the school. The project established that this was not effective and requires guidelines to improve on the preservation of academic records. The study concluded that developing the preservation policy and guidelines for St. Margrets College, Makerere would help the staff preserve the academic records in the school. The recommendations for the study were; maximum care of academic records, formulating a preservation committee, training of the library staff, ensuring availability of funds for preservation of academic records, using acid free boxes and follow up on the use of materials.

This study evaluated physical agricultural research infrastructure development at the National research organization (NARO).Three objectives guided the study, establishment of the status of physical agricultural research infrastructure development at the National Agriculture research organization .Assessment of the challenges towards the development of a sustainable physical agricultural research infrastructure, and assessment of the impact of the physical agricultural research infrastructure development at NARO. The study used a cross-sectional research design and employed quantitative and qualitative research approaches. It targeted a sample size of 68 respondents; however, only 52 respondents managed to respond. Data was collected from primary sources using questionnaires and an interview guide. Analysis was done using SPSS version 25 software and results were presented using bar graphs and tables. The study revealed that the status of physical agricultural research infrastructure development at the National Agriculture research organization is inadequate in quantity and quality and impedes knowledge generation, innovation and agrotechnological transfer. It was also revealed that the key challenges towards the development of sustainable physical agricultural research infrastructure at NARO were mainly limited funding, high research infrastructure development costs and inadequate government Policy. These affected the construction of research facilities, acquisition of equipment, and routine maintenance and sustenance of these facilities. The study also revealed the impact of the physical agricultural research infrastructure development leading to the advancement of scientific knowledge and innovation. This in turn resulted in new discoveries, technological advancements and hence economic growth The study recommended that NARO develops a suitable multifaceted strategic model to enable it develop sustainable modern physical research infrastructure for the generation of new knowledge, technological advancement and innovation.

This study assessed the quality of the existing public open spaces in Gulu City. The study was guided by three objectives which included establishing the indicators of quality of open spaces existing public open, examining critical challenges faced when planning and designing for green public open spaces and identifying recommendations for strategic proposals and planning tools to guide in planning and designing of green open spaces. The study used a cross-sectional descriptive research design where both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used with a sample size of 100 respondents. Data was collected using questionnaires and interview guide. The study findings revealed that quality public open spaces should draw users and makes a place more captivating and inviting, safe and accessible to the public anytime at no cost, quality public green open spaces should be noise free, offer an enjoyable user experience and should provide adequate provision of children's facilities in the green open spaces. Major challenges encountered when planning and designing for green public open spaces were inadequate funds to acquire land for public green urban spaces, encroachment on existing public green spaces and poor maintenance of existing public green open spaces were the major. The study revealed that Central Government and City Council should acquire more public open spaces, residential and institutional zones should be improved by planting more flowers, grass and trees. City authorities should revise and enforce some of their land use management regulations to ensure that all new developments cater sufficiently for green spaces to correct past mistakes

This research study was set to investigate the contributions of culture towards high levels of poverty in Matugga Sub County, Wakiso District. The study was carried out from Matugga because of the increasing poverty levels and also that the place is familiar. This study was guided by questions such as; what are the factors causing poverty in your region? Is it the government that has accelerated poverty in your region? How has poverty affected the people in your region? How has the government tried to curb poverty in your region? The research study found out that poverty in Matugga is being caused by number of Factors and these include, Low levels of education, Lack of good infrastructures such as roads, increasing population growth, corruption, acute lack of employment among others. During the study 50% of the respondents believed that the government has not accelerated poverty in Matugga, while 44% blamed the government for the scourge and the 6% were not sure. The study also found out that a number of social-economic effects have been inflicted on the people by poverty. These include school dropouts, lack of basic Facilities such as shelter, Food, Clothes, and Beddings among others, Domestic violence, illegal activities and many others. Basing on the findings the Following have been recommended to control poverty in Matugga Sub County. Reinforcing the NAADS, Modernizing agriculture, Stabilization of prices for agricultural products, check on Corruption and Embezzlement, Provision soft loans, Regulating the general price level in the country (control inflation}, Diversification of agriculture among others.

The Constitution of the Republic of Uganda in 1995 holds the position of being the highest law of the land, thus prohibiting any other legislation from contradicting it. Chapter four of this constitution addresses the safeguarding and advancement of fundamental rights and freedoms. These particular rights are detailed in Articles 20-50. Within the confines of the Constitution of the Republic of Uganda in 1995, Article 23 grants individuals the entitlement to personal freedom, a right that regrettably experiences frequent infringements by the Police. Article 59 of the constitution establishes the Uganda National Human Rights Commission, which possesses the duty of promoting the protection and adherence to human rights within both public and private institutions. Controversy arises when the police, as the government entity entrusted with the responsibility of upholding the law and maintaining order, fail to fulfill their role. Instead, a significant number of police officers engage in actions that can only be described as police brutality and police torture, thereby violating the rights of individuals rather than safeguarding them. As a result of this inhumane behavior exhibited by the police force, numerous nongovernmental organizations and advocates for human rights have emerged in order to champion the rights of victims who have experienced police brutality. Additionally, a considerable number of individuals who have been apprehended by the police are detained without proper consideration, with many being denied police bond, even though it should be granted automatically as stipulated in the Criminal Procedure Code Act Cap 116. The research endeavor also aimed to encompass the discoveries and suggestions regarding the means by which to address the actions that result in the safeguarding and infringement of Human Rights, with a primary focus on the legal principles of the jurisdiction, the doctrine of the rule of law, and the parameters of guaranteeing the preservation of Human Rights.

Decision making in infrastructure development requires careful consideration and a balance of several criteria. For most projects, a complex decision making process is almost inevitable owing to the ever increasing challenges to achieve sustainable urban development as the populations of our cities grow and their boundaries expand. A large number of significant non-homogenous capital investment projects are proposed every year to Kampala Capital City Authority by a range of different stakeholders. However, limited resources mean that the selection of all the proposed projects is quite obviously impossible. These investments can have significant economic, environmental and social impacts due to the sheer volume of people who are directly and indirectly affected. So the decision-makers need to consider how to maximize their return on the investment of public funds. As the gap between the available funds and investment needs widens, identifying the most sustainable projects becomes a critical activity. This study assessed the use of multi-stakeholder criteria approach to infrastructure development using Kampala Capital City Authority as the case study. The study was guided by objectives which included assessment of the initial approach to decision making, the current institutional status and making suggestions for improved multi-stakeholder involvement in the decision making approach for infrastructure development at KCCA. The researcher used a case study approach and a sample of 44 respondents out of a target population of 54 respondents from the various directorates at KCCA. The study considered both quantitative and qualitative approaches, questionnaires and interview guides as data collection instruments. The data collected was analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, Version 25) and the results were presented using tabular frequency tables. The study findings were used as a basis to make suggestions for improving multistakeholder involvement in decision making for infrastructure development at KCCA. In summary, 55%, of the respondents agreed that there was stakeholder involvement in decision making for infrastructure development at KCCA. This implied that stakeholders were indeed involved in the decision making process although there was need for improvement as particular interest groups like the disabled persons who felt that their concerns were not adequately being addressed. The study finding on the challenges to stakeholder involvement revealed that many of the respondents felt that the was a lack of a bottom to top stakeholder consultation in the decision making process, that environmental issues were not being adhered to in decision making, that there was a lack of gender mainstreaming in decision making, 87.5% stated that there was a challenge of conflicting political roles, 90% of the respondents agreed that there was a challenge land tenure systems in making infrastructure development decisions, some felt that infrastructure development projects were overpriced, others stated that there was a lack of consideration for people with disabilities, a few felt that there was a lack of an infrastructure development master plan, 77.5% mentioned that the challenge was in adhering to the development master plan, some few felt that KCCA lacked qualified staff, others felt that the quality of contracted infrastructure works was poor and some felt that there was a delayed allocation of funds for infrastructure development works. From the study finding, the above were captured as the challenges to infrastructure development that needed improvement through improved stakeholder involvement.