The focus of this research is on the nduumo performance. It first appeared in early 1920s among the Giküyü community. The goal of the research was to determine what elements may have contributed to the nduumo genre's survival after other traditional genres had vanished. The study's main focus is on analyzing style and literary strategies, as well as features of performance and aesthetic values, as manifested in the compositions of selected performing artists. Nevertheless, our conclusions are bolstered by an examination of numerous musical compositions and listening to recorded cassettes on nduumo. The observations, comments, and arguments of the sources contributed to a better knowledge of Agikuyu socio-cultural family values and practices in nduumo performance. The research shows that nduumo performance employs a variety of stylistic strategies, including sarcasm, satire, metaphor, simile, metonymy, and structural elements such as repetition, parallelism, tonal patterns, and rhyme. This research shows that these technologies are used to communicate literary ideas in the community and society. For the conduct of an oral performance, stylistic and extra-literary characteristics are essential. Oral artists are the voice of the Giküyü and its adjacent people, such as the Embu, Meru, and Kamba, who value their cultural heritage. In order to discover the literariness in nduumo performance, ethnopoetics, functionalism, and performance techniques are used as guiding lights. This initiative proves that oral literature is not going away; it is a way of documenting historical and educational events that are still relevant and popular in today's culture. It demonstrates that in human society, performances and society are inextricably linked.

The destruction brought about by the use and indeed misuse of small arms and light weapons (SALW) has been described the world over as one of the most egregious occurrences in the human experience. SALW continue to present as a major global threat to peace and security, various regions of the world share challenges brought on by SALW proliferation, the Horn of Africa and Great Lakes Regions are recognized as infamous where the above issue is concerned. These regions consist of the following countries: Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Rwanda, Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda and Tanzania. The above-mentioned regions and states therein maneuver through various volatilities which predispose them to vulnerabilities of violent conflict as a result of: ethnicization of politics, poor governance, unequitable distribution of social benefits, unsustainable access and control to key natural and state resources in addition to other obstacles. The objective of this research was to expound upon the implications of proliferation of Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) on the personal security situation in Garissa County. Which has in the past and even presently experienced violence relating to Small Arms and Light Weapons use, due to clan-based conflicts, politicization of issues, violent extremism, marginalization and other conflicts over access to limited natural resources to sustain their herds and communities as observed in the study. Therefore, the study established an interconnection between personal security challenges and the continued proliferation, availability and use of illicit Small Arms and Light Weapons, which in turn are an obstacle to human security. There have been various control measures employed in combating illicit SALW proliferation which include: border policing and surveillance, amnesty and voluntary surrender of illicit SALW, disarmament, sensitization programmes and the implementation of the Nairobi Protocol. Despite the above efforts there are challenges faced in addressing illicit SALW proliferation, occurring at the national and regional levels such as resource and personnel constraints, institutional capacity issues, coordination issues between National Focal Points, regional organizations and states. Ultimately, illicit SALW threaten livelihoods, the well-being and development of a society. To counter this, requires continued sensitization in collaboration with key stakeholders as well as, reinforcement of the capabilities and capacity of those involved in the process of managing and controlling illicit SALW in Garissa County and Kenya as a whole. This study utilized a descriptive research design, with the Regional Security Complexes Theory anchoring the study. Primary data was collected by use of questionnaires and interviews with secondary data being sourced from books, journals, articles, newspapers and other authoritative online sources of information. The data was analyzed by use of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 20, the use of diagrams such as tables and figures aided in the presentation of the findings of this study.

SACCOS in Kenya faced a number of challenges in their attempt to meet their performance targets. SASRA Act and the accompanying regulations were thus seen as a cure to many challenges affecting the SACCO sector. Despite the intended effect of the regulations, SACCOS still face a number of challenges. Considering that SASRA has embraced CAEL (capital adequacy, asset quality, earnings and liquidity) model in rating financial performance of SACCOS, it would be prudent to assess these specific parameters in order to establish their effect on financial performance of SACCOS. This study strives to assess the impact of SASRA regulations on financial performance of SACCOS. The study used descriptive study approach and involved all the 175 SASRA registered SACCOS through census sampling technique from which secondary data on financial parameters of SACCOS after implementation of the regulations (2016-2020) and before the establishment (2004-2008) were obtained. The study used SPSS version 26 as the platform for data analysis. The data was analysed through time series approach as well as descriptive statistics (frequency, percentages, mean and standard deviation). The study found that after the implementation of the SASRA regulations most of the SACCOS upon adherence to the prescribed regulations performed better financially as assessed through ROA when compared to when the SACCOS were operating before the implementation of the SASRA regulations. The study concludes that SACCOS which adhere to SASRA regulations record good return on assets than when operating without SASRA regulations. The study therefore recommends that management of SACCO societies should consider optimal and strict adherence to all the SASRA regulations for good financial performance of the societies. The policy makers in the ministry concerned should design appropriate directives that allow SACCOS to optimally adhere to SASRA regulations for their own financial stability and good performance.

Agricultural productivity in many countries in Africa is predicted to greatly impact economic growth since it is the mainstay of the majority of the people. Nevertheless, the effect of output from agriculture on growth of an economy has borne diverse research interests with different findings from one nation to another. In this research, we seek to determine how agricultural output influences economic growth in Kenya using the VECM employing data between 1970 and 2017. Results from the study established that generally, agriculture, industry, service output, and capital formation are relevant to predict changes in GDP. The study results also indicate that in the short run, agricultural production positively influences growth but has no long run effect. Hence, agriculture productivity is significant in the primary phases of economic development. From the findings of the study, it is evident that agriculture facilitates economic progression in the short run and ought to be reinforced by macro strategies in due course to be positively affecting the economy in the long run.

The petroleum industry has a great opportunity of increasing its productivity owing to the increased global demand for oil. However, this increased demand for oil has made the management part of the supply chain and especially logistics more complex. The petroleum industry continues to suffer challenges relating to logistics management that is not present in many other sectors. The purpose of the research was to assess the relationship between logistics management strategy and performance of petroleum industry in the East African Community. The study adopted the adopted the descriptive research design that is used in explaining the current situation regarding the study variables. The target population was six nations in the East African community, namely South Sudan, United Republic of Tanzania Kenya, Republic of Uganda, Rwanda, the Republics of Burundi. Data analysis was based on qualitative approach using Nvivo software version 12. The study found that adoption of effective logistic strategy in the petroleum industry is a critical step seeking to ensure that the vital product is effectively and timely supplied to all regions in the country. The regulators had the mandate of ensuring that petroleum supply companies are capable of achieving goals linked to economic that are short term and be proactive in supplying petroleum products to consumers as required. Effective logistic channels ensure that the vital products are supplied to consumers at timely and at affordable prices. Some of the product based strategies include innovative oil based products targeting various industry sectors like manufacturing and production, automotive and agricultural sector. The petroleum products should be tailored to serve the needs of the customers and environmentally friendly. The study concludes that effective logistic strategy in the petroleum industry is a critical step seeking to ensure that the vital product is effectively and timely supplied to all regions in the country. The study recommends doe coordinated management of the petroleum logistic supply management system supported by technological integration of key parties in the system. The study also recommends collaborative coordination of petroleum supply chain by including all key parties in decision making. The parties include petroleum processing companies, petroleum supply companies, government, retailers and consumers. The East African governments, with the understanding of how logistics management strategy affects performance of the petroleum sector may need to come up with joint polices that harmonize the logistics strategies in the petroleum industry. The policies may be implemented in respective countries through the petroleum regulating associations.

In the last three decades, the buildings industry has experienced challenges of quality which are complex and different. The buildings industry in Kenya has been associated with disruptions in quality therefore causing cost and time problems. Many of the quality challenges are a product of inadequate planning. In Kenya, there have been reports of poor administration of residential buildings projects, a superfluous surge in project usage lacking organization and budgetary arrangements, and exorbitant project management. Unsafe residential buildings have become rampant in the recent past, especially in the Nairobi Metropolitan region. The purpose of the study was to assess the factors which influence quality of residential buildings projects in Kasarani Constituency of Nairobi County. The following specific objectives guided the research; to assess the influence of construction equipment, project funding, project management, and modern technology on quality of residential buildings projects in Kasarani Constituency of Nairobi County. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design targeting practitioners in the residential building industry including Architects, Civil and Structural Engineers, Mechanical Engineers, Electrical Engineers, Land Surveyors, Quantity Surveyors, Construction Project Managers and Private Developers. The sample size was 385 respondents, and the non-probability sampling technique was used in the study. Data collection in the study was done by administering questionnaires and carrying out interviews. Descriptive statistics, such as frequency, means, percentage and standard deviation, were used to interpret the data. A regression analysis was conducted in order to show how construction equipments, project funding, project management and modern technology influence quality of residential buildings projects in Kasarani Constituency of Nairobi County. There was a positive and significant relationship between construction equipment (r=0.695, p-value <0.05) and quality of residential building projects in Kasarani Constituency of Nairobi County. There was a positive and significant correlation between project funding (r=0.831, p-value <0.05) and quality of residential building projects in Kasarani Constituency of Nairobi County. There was a positive and significant relationship between project management (r=0.776, p-value <0.05) and quality of residential building projects in Kasarani Constituency of Nairobi County. There was a positive and significant relationship between modern technology (r=0.743, p-value <0.05) and quality of residential building projects in Kasarani Constituency of Nairobi County. This implied that the nature of construction equipment, the level of project funding and project management as well as the level of application of modern technology were positive determinants of quality of residential building projects in Kasarani Constituency of Nairobi County. The recommendations are that the right construction equipment should be used in the construction of residential buildings. Competent project managers should be engaged in order to manage the construction of residential buildings. Clients and contractors should have enough cash flow in order to execute projects. Appropriate technologies such as Building Information Modelling should be adopted quickly in the residential buildings sector in order to minimize errors, and improve quality of works. The study recommends that a similar study should be carried out in other Constituencies in the Country since this study was only limited to Kasarani Constituency of Nairobi County.

The study objective of this study was to determine the effect of interest rate capping on the relationship between strategy implementation and performance of commercial banks in Kenya. The theoretical foundation for this study was cognitive theory, evolution theory and Resource based view theory. This investigation utilized a descriptive design and cross sectional survey. The target population for the study constituted of the remaining forty (40) commercial banks and one (1) licensed mortgage financial institution with branches in Mombasa County, Kenya. Due to the size of the population for the study, a census survey approach was adopted for study sample size. Therefore, the sample for the study was all the management level employees in all the commercial banks in Mombasa. Data collection tool was structured questionnaire. To summarize the data, descriptive statistics were used. The study adopted Baron and Kenny (1986) threestep regression model to establish the effect of interest rate capping on the relationship between strategy implementation and performance of commercial banks. iThe study found that Strategy implementation is statistically significant to performanceiof commercialibanks iniMombasa County.iThe studyifurther revealed that Strategy implementation had significant positive relationshipiwith performanceiof commercialibanks iniMombasa County. Theistudy alsoifound thatiupon introductioniof interest rate capping, strategy implementation is mediated by interest rate capping significantly, influencing performance oficommercial banksiin MombasaiCounty negatively. Theistudy concludes that increasing the mediating effect of interest rate capping on strategy implementation will lead to decrease in performance oficommercial banksiin MombasaiCounty.iThe study recommendsimanagement of the commercialibanksito conduct in-depth research on the strategies that can be implemented in their organizations to increase its performance. The study also recommends banks to establish organizational culture that will boost its performance; commercialibanks iniKenya shouldiadopt aniadjustable andidynamic organizationaliculture soias toiensure successfulistrategy implementation.iTheibanks can also embrace Reward and Recognition system that will motivate employees therefore increasing their performance which will in turn increase the performance of the bank. The government to review the policies on interest rate capping to ensure they are favorable to both the bank and its customers; this will increase performance of the bank and therefore increase general performance of the country’s economy.

The aim of this study was to examine the organizational knowledge retention mechanisms in Kenyan academic institutions, namely the Vision Institute of Professionals. Specifically, the researcher will find out understanding of Knowledge Retention concept by management, identify any form of knowledge retention approach at VIP, identify technologies applied in Knowledge Retention and propose a knowledge retention framework for VIP. A review of relevant literature based on the study's goals was conducted. The descriptive research design was used in the research, and both qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed. The study was conducted at the Vision Institute of professionals among the directors, head of departments, assistant head of departments, administration staff, and the academic staff. The study used a purposive sampling strategy to get a representative size of 30 participants from a population of 82 employees. For data gathering, the researcher used open-ended interviews and questionnaires. With ten participants, a pilot study for this topic was done at Nairobi Institute of Business Studies (NIBS). Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS and displayed in tables and charts using descriptive statistical analysis of frequencies and percentages. The qualitative data was evaluated using a content data assessment approach and provided verbatim based on the identified themes from the goals. The study's results revealed that the majority of respondents had a modest degree of awareness of information retention techniques. It was further established that technologies such as websites, external hard drives and emails were used in knowledge retention. The study recommends that the institutions of higher learning should put in place enough and adaptable knowledge retention strategies for their employees.

Most institutions have continued to face an increased pace of the rate of change over the past five decades as occasioned by advancing in technology, organization dynamism and changing legislation driving need for strategic change and realignment of organizations. This has equally affected Eldoret Water Resources Authority in Kenya, leading to initiation and implementation of a number of strategic changes. Despite this, the effect of change management on organization performance has not yet been clearly explained. This study therefore, established the effect of change management on the performance of Eldoret Water Resources Authority in Kenya. It was guided by the Kurt Lewin Change theory, John Kotter’s change theory and Stakeholders theory. The study adopted a case study research design, collected primary data through interview of departmental managers of the authority. The study employed content analysis, in which verbal responses were categorized, classify, summarize, and tabulate for analysis. The qualitative analyzed result showed the organization has experienced change management in technological process, organization structure; enactment of Water Act 2016, changes in top management, and automation of processes. Further result indicated stakeholder key roles in the change management process are in helping in the accomplishment of the organization objectives; key stakeholders of the organization are the community members, Water Resources Users Association, County Commissioners Office, County Government, NEMA and Kenya Forest Services. Result for drivers of choice of strategic planning are need to achieve the set goal of the organization; need to aligns its functions, increase operational efficiency and achieve a proactive organization rather than reactive among others. Additional result indicated strategic planning is proactive and has enabled achievement of set objectives; successful implementation of the strategic plan; achievement of competitive advantage within the organization; set up a sense of direction for the organization; and ensures successful implementation of the strategic plan. However, results on strategic change implementation challenges were resistance to change, operations alignment and expertise requirements and options to address them were teaching employees on the need to accept change; sharing positive results on introduction of change; involving employees in change planning; among others. The study concluded that change management process has positive effect on organization performance. The study recommends the management to enhance stakeholder engagement and strategic management of the authority.

There has been a lot of debate within the academic field as well as among legislators over time regarding the financing of terrorism all around the world. This was especially intensified after the 11 September 2001 terror attacks in the United States of America which was subsequently followed by a series of attacks by terrorists in different parts of the world. Both local and international legislators and organizations in most countries around the world are of the opinion that there is need to undertake in depth changes in both national and international policies, standards and principles on anti-terrorism especially with regards to the financing of terrorism, its aftermath and prospective measures of preventive intervention on the same. Some of the findings made in this study are inclusive of the fact that in as much as banks used to be the main players when it came to terrorist financing previously, there are other financial institutions that also play a significant role with regards to it being a platform for funding terrorism activities in today’s world. It further established the different roles played by different aspects such as customer due diligence and the principle of banking secrecy among others. This study therefore, seeks to look into the issue of the financing of terrorism and the different roles played by different actors within the financial sector alongside giving a proper description or evaluation of the outcomes of the joint attempts to curb the financing of terrorist operations that has been undertaken under the endorsement of the UN Security Council and its committees as well as individual member States.