Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease that poses an immense challenge to the health of people worldwide. Solanum nigrum, which is a complex of many species in the family Solanaceae ,has been recorded to be used by many communities in the management of diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical, antidiabetic activity, and safety of two confirmed species, namely; Solanum villosumand Solanum nigrum var. sarrachoides usingstreptozotocin-induced diabetes mice model. Solanum species were grown at Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation (KALRO) Muguga. Qualitative assessment for phytochemical constituents was carried out. Acute toxicity was conducted based on OECD guideline 423. Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozotocin at a dose of 200mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally after the mice fasted for 8 hours. Aqueous extracts were administered orally using an oral gavage at doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg body weight for each plant daily and monitored weekly for 28 days. The results showed that both plants contain vital phytochemicals. Flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenols, and glycosides were present in both plants. However, phytosterolsand coumarins were only present in Solanum nigrum var. sarrachoides. Both plants did not show toxicity. On the antidiabetic assay, both plants showed efficacy with Solanum nigrum var. sarrachoides being more potent at both doses. The differences in the activity can be attributed to differences in phytochemicals composition and concentration. The study validates the use of these plants by herbalists and recommends further studies on the plants to elucidate the active compounds that can be used as novel therapies for diabetes. Additionally, the study recommends the evaluation of other species in this complex for anti-1diabetic properties

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