Biomass as a renewable source of energy can also be efficiently utilized to produce biochar and pyroligneous acid (PA) through the pyrolysis process which is influenced by parameters like feedstock moisture content (FMC), pyrolysis residence time (PRT) and chimney inclination angles (CIA) for a given kiln. Even though the process is efficient, there exists scarce knowledge on optimization of these parameters to achieve the best condition that will result in a high production and quality of biochar and PA

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