People talk about research in academic institutions, but little attention is given to research methodology. As a result, a great deal of research tends to be futile. Entity of the nation is to maximize productivity, which can be improved through several research studies. Every research is a set of activities to study and develop a model or procedures to analyze the results of a realistic problem supported by literature review and analysis of data. So, the objectives are optimized and further make recommendations for its implementation. The motivation for writing this book has come from the lack of contextually relevant and a comprehensive book on Research Methodology, which are sufficient to provide rather substantial course of study for the students. The book is intended for the students of Management, M.Phil., Engineering, Science & Technology, Medical Science, Pharmacy, Nursing, Commerce, Arts, Social-Science, Operation Research, and Economics. Most chapters of this book have been developed from the lecture notes used in teaching of UG-/ PG-/Doctorate-level programs. We have used our research and teaching experience and our industrial contacts to create this textbook full of real industry-based examples and research insights. We have kept the presentation simple and stimulating; nevertheless, the treatment of topics is detailed and up-to-date enough so that experts (researchers, industry professionals, etc.) in the field can use the book as a reference. The text contains in-depth coverage of concepts and techniques of research methodology. Chapters of the book include examples, figures, and bibliography/references. The text includes the comprehensive coverage of research problems, types of research, and research procedure followed by guidelines of data collection and presentation, which made the platform for further analysis. Well-defined algorithms for the various statistical methods are provided, and the operations of different statistical techniques with relevant examples are demonstrated. In the entire text, a large number of tables and figures are presented and easy-to-understand style has been followed to illustrate the concepts and techniques. The chapter on report writing has been dealt with in a comprehensive manner, which will aid researchers to document their research studies and analyses along with findings. To enhance the understanding of the subject matter by students belonging to different disciplines, our approach is conceptual. This book provides an understanding of problem-solving methods based on formulation, procedure, and analysis. It provides students the art of using research procedure, methods, and techniques to enable them in developing appropriate methodology for their research. Each chapter contains review questions, self-practice numerical with hints, and answers to help students in self- evaluation. To facilitate ready recall of concepts discussed in each chapter, a summary is provided.

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