The study presents an investigation into the effect of human settlement activities on the wetlands and took a case study of Kinawataka wetland in Kampala. The study concentrated on identifying the human settlement activities on kinawataka wetland; effects of human settlement activities on kinawataka wetland; and to propose the sustainable management practices to improve on kinawataka wetland. The study adopted a descriptive study design and used both qualitative and quantitative approaches to gather the information and achieve the goals. It consisted of 40 respondents who were cell leaders, NEMA environment officers, KCCA physical planners and the community members. These were selected with the use of both purposive and simple random sampling through the help of lottery method. The data was obtained through the use of secondary and primary sources for instance observation, interview and questionnaire while analysis included the tabulation and coding of the statistics. The study results obtained revealed and found out that the main activities carried out include cattle keeping, crop farming, human settlement and Urbanisation, firewood gathering and cutting, brick making, construction, herbal medicine making and forestry. To this the study concluded that wetlands support human water demands for agriculture. The study further revealed that these activities have affected the environment and human beings through leading to flooding, prolonged drought, scarcity of wetland resources The study recommended conducting physical planning of the wetland areas involving of Planning preparation of structural and detailed plans indicating various land uses; Planning and demarcate boundaries for the wetlands; formulation of land use plans with eco-zoning of wetlands and adjoining areas and develop strategy for implementation of land use plan and guidelines for environmental impact assessment of wetlands; monitoring of all water abstraction permits and ensure obedience to the water abstraction regulations; sensitization about the need to preserve wetlands.

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