Adverse maternal and foetal outcomes like still births, preterm births, low birth weight, birth asphyxia, neonatal death, postpartum haemorrhage have continued to remain a challenge globally in spite of all the efforts that have been invested towards maternal and neonatal health. Although some factors that increase risk of women having adverse maternal and foetal outcomes have been reported and documented, more information is needed about the determinants of these adverse maternal and foetal outcomes particularly in Kamwenge district, South-western Uganda. A case-control study was done among women delivering at public health facilities in Kamwenge in order to identify the determinants of these outcomes in this area. Both qualitative and quantitate techniques were used. Data was obtained from 80 women using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Expert information was obtained from midwives and medical officers attached to the maternity wards. Data was entered in CSPRO version 6.0 and analysed using SPSS 20. A thematic analysis was done for the qualitative data. The study showed puerperal sepsis (39%) as the most prevalent adverse maternal outcome and low birth weight (44.7%), birth asphyxia (31.6%) and preterm births (26.3%) as the most prevalent foetal outcomes.Level income (OR=0.85, 95% CI 0.36-0.91), P=0.016) and distance to the health facility (OR=0.7195% CI 0.43-0.98, P=0.02) were reported to be the determinants of adverse maternal and foetal outcomes in Kamwenge. There is need for income-generating interventions in Kamwenge and an increase on the number of public health facilities that are equipped to provide emergency obstetric and neonatal care so as to reduce risk of women suffering adverse maternal and foetal outcomes.

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