Introduction: In Uganda, by the end of 2015 the country‘s health ministry aimed to circumcise 80% – or 4.2 million – men aged between 15 and 49. But between 2008 and 2013 the country only managed to circumcise 50% of this population (MOH, 2015). The level of uptake of VMMC services was low in Soroti Sub County. This motivated the researcher to carry out a study about the factors influencing uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision services among men in Soroti Sub County Soroti District. It was based on specific objectives that included; to assess the social demographic, knowledge, attitude and health care factors influencing uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision services among men in Sub County Soroti district. Methods: The study employed a descriptive cross sectional study design using quantitative methods of data collection. A sample size of 409 respondents who were men were selected by simple random sampling. Data was collected using structured questionnaire administered by the researcher. Results: The level of uptake of VMMC services among men in Soroti Sub County was low as compared to the national target. This was due to lack of adequate sensitization about the importance of the service. Social demographic characteristics of the respondents that influenced the utilization of VMMC services were age, marital status, level of education, religion, monthly income and tribe. Knowledge factors that influenced the uptake of VMMC services among men included; Source of information, awareness of importance of VMMC, knowledge about the places where to get VMMC services, VMMC reduce sexual pleasure, knowledge about the hygiene benefits of VMMC, knowledge about the care given to circumcised males and awareness of expected duration of recovery. Attitude factors that influenced the uptake of VMMC services among men in Soroti subcounty included; being very free to undergo circumcision, a belief that VMMC is not painful, a belief that VMMC does lead to heavy bleeding, a mind-set that VMMC is ideal because it reveals respondents‘ HIV status, a perception that VMMC is free of infections during surgery, a belief that a circumcised male stands less chances of STIs infection, a mind-set that a circumcision wound takes short time to heal and that a circumcised male doesn‘t experience reduced sexual pleasure. Health care related factors that influenced uptake of VMMC services included; availability of VMMC services, distance to health facility, ever been face to face health educated about VMMC services, adequacy of health workers, provision of information about VMMC, extortion of additional fees for VMMC services, provision of counseling and testing services about STIs and regularly attended health care services. Conclusion: The level of uptake of VMMC services in Soroti Sub County was low. It was found out that majority of the respondents had low knowledge and negative attitude towards the uptake of VMMC services among men. Also, the health care related factors never favoured men‘s utilization of VMMC services. Recommendations: The Ministry of health should work hand in hand with the health care workers at sub county and village level to educate and sensitize men more about VMMC services so that they positively perceive it and utilize it. The VMMC services should also be extended to all health care facilities so that accessibility is increased.

Internship is an opportunity in which a student gets sensible experience and it’s highly competitive which helps in advance to the applicable knowledge and skills required for the student to get jobs in future and career network to accumulate skills. The internship period was from June to August 2014 at voluntary services overseas the internship involves orientation of the organization and its departments, and the introduction for me to the organization.

Adverse maternal and foetal outcomes like still births, preterm births, low birth weight, birth asphyxia, neonatal death, postpartum haemorrhage have continued to remain a challenge globally in spite of all the efforts that have been invested towards maternal and neonatal health. Although some factors that increase risk of women having adverse maternal and foetal outcomes have been reported and documented, more information is needed about the determinants of these adverse maternal and foetal outcomes particularly in Kamwenge district, South-western Uganda. A case-control study was done among women delivering at public health facilities in Kamwenge in order to identify the determinants of these outcomes in this area. Both qualitative and quantitate techniques were used. Data was obtained from 80 women using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Expert information was obtained from midwives and medical officers attached to the maternity wards. Data was entered in CSPRO version 6.0 and analysed using SPSS 20. A thematic analysis was done for the qualitative data. The study showed puerperal sepsis (39%) as the most prevalent adverse maternal outcome and low birth weight (44.7%), birth asphyxia (31.6%) and preterm births (26.3%) as the most prevalent foetal outcomes.Level income (OR=0.85, 95% CI 0.36-0.91), P=0.016) and distance to the health facility (OR=0.7195% CI 0.43-0.98, P=0.02) were reported to be the determinants of adverse maternal and foetal outcomes in Kamwenge. There is need for income-generating interventions in Kamwenge and an increase on the number of public health facilities that are equipped to provide emergency obstetric and neonatal care so as to reduce risk of women suffering adverse maternal and foetal outcomes.

Background TB is ranked second among the leading chronic illnesses in causing morbidity and mortality after HIV the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Despite the relative success in the implementation of the DOTS in Uganda, challenges still persist that have hindered the required standards. Rubaga division has registered a significant reduction in the proportion of patients completing treatment from 47% to 31% but this marked with increase in the defaulter rate of 4%. This discrepancy raises questions about the implementation of TB DOT in this division that need immediate answers. Objective The main objective of the study was to determine the factors affecting the implementation of TB DOT in Rubaga division as to improve patients’ adherence to TB treatment. Results A total of 201 patients and three TB clinic in-charges participated in the study. Out of the 201 patients, 66% reported their treatment was being observed by someone. The most commonly (82%) used mode of DOT is relative/family member not community-based treatment supporters. More than half, (53%) of the respondents had taken medication without treatment observers. Staying alone (have no relative/family member) in the house was the main reason why patients were not on TB DOT. Patient with positive attitude towards TB DOT and those in union were more likely to be on TB DOT. Follow-up of treatment observers was poor. Lack of treatment supporters down in the communities and poor facilitation of health workers were the main barriers affecting their practices during the implementation of TB DOT Conclusion Implementation of TB DOT is being done in Rubaga, relatives/ family members are the common treatment observers. Lack of community-based treatment supporters and poor facilitation of health worker are the leading barriers to the implementation of TB DOT in Rubaga division. Recommendation There is need for vigorous introduction of community-based treatment supporters to supplement the family members/relatives.